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- average cycle time with the doubled KBrO3 concentration is 40 and average cycle time with initial KBrO3 concentration is 74.For the reaction 5Ce4+ + Mn 2+ + 4H2 O → 5Ce3+ + MnO4- + 8H+ , given E0 (Ce4+ /Ce3+ ) = 1.70V,E0 (MnO4- /Mn2+ ) = 1.507V, calculate ΔG0 for this reaction ?Which processes shown in this figure involve the phasetransition H2O(l )----->H2O(g)?
- Prof. Neiman and Prof. James were first to discovered in 1973 that chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) were depleting the Earth’sozone layer when released into the atmosphere. Once they reach the stratosphere, Clis released from the CFCs molecules by interaction with UV light. Free Cl atoms areable to react with ozone in a catalytic cycle that converts O3into the more stable O2.It is estimated that a single Cl atom is able to react with∼100000 O3molecules.Although CFCs production was banned in 1996, there are still a substantial numberof motor vehicle air conditioners (MVACs) that use CFC-12 (CF2Cl2) as refrigerant.The average CFC-12 emission rate from operating MVACs has been estimated tobe 59.5 mg per hour per vehicle (Zhang et al.Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett.2017).How much chlorine, in kg, is added to the atmosphere in a year due to 100 millionMVACs using CFC-12 as refrigerant?Consider the reaction Mn+ + ne- ⇌ M. If ΔG*c = ΔG* + (1-α)nFE and η = E – Eeq, prove that ic = io exp[-(1-α)nFηa)/RT)].This reaction must have a ∆G<0 at SATP: Xe(g)+F2(g)→XeF2(g) 2Na(s)+Cl2(g)→2NaCl(s) 2NaF(s)+I2(s)→2NaI(s)+F2(g) MgSO4(s)→Mg(s)+S(s)+2O2(g)