The theoretical ATP yield from the complete oxidation of 1 mole of glucose via glycolysis, the TCA cycle and the electron transport chain is higher in a heart cell compared to a skeletal muscle cell because: a. O2 availability is different in the different cell types b. Heart cells are more metabolically active c. The TCA cycle generates more NADH in a heart cell d. Skeletal muscle cells are less energy dense e. Different mitochondrial shuttles operating in the two tissues

The theoretical ATP yield from the complete oxidation of 1 mole of glucose via glycolysis, the TCA cycle and the electron transport chain is higher in a heart cell compared to a skeletal muscle cell because: a. O2 availability is different in the different cell types b. Heart cells are more metabolically active c. The TCA cycle generates more NADH in a heart cell d. Skeletal muscle cells are less energy dense e. Different mitochondrial shuttles operating in the two tissues

Biochemistry

6th Edition

ISBN:9781305577206

Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Publisher:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Chapter23: Fatty Acid Catabolism

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 12P: Understanding Human Energy Consumption During Exercise Energy production in animals is related to...

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At the very end of cellular respiration (glycolysis followed by pyruvate oxidation, the citric acid cycle, and electron transport/ATP synthesis), a. In what molecules are all of the carbons from the glucose? b. In what molecules are many of the electrons from the glucose? c. In what molecules is much of the free energy that was harvested from the glucose?
DCCD (diocyclohexylcarbodiimide) inhibits oxidative phosphorylation when the substrate is mitochondrial NADH. DCCD is a drug that binds to ATP synthase and blocks proton transport through the ion channel. a) Explain what the consequences of DCCD on cellular energy production are. b) Suggest at least one other cellular effect of DCCD and explain this effect.
which statement is false? a. Electrons do not usually flow through the electron-transport chain to oxygen unless ADP is simultaneously phosphorylated to ATP. b. Oxidative phosphorylation requires a supply of NADH or other source of electrons at high potential, oxygen, and ADP. c. The rate of oxygen consumption by mitochondria increases markedly when ADP is added and then returns to its initial value when the added ADP has been converted into ATP. d. The most important factor in determining the rate of oxidative phosphorylation is the level of ADP and inorganic phosphate.
The mitochondrial membrane potential is an indicator of cell viability. Think about mitochondrial function and decide which of these statements best describes the mitochondrial membrane potential. a.) A voltage that reflects the movement of ATP across the outer mitochondrial membrane b.) A voltage that reflects the movement of protons across the outer mitochondrial membrane c.) A voltage that reflects the movement of protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane d.) A voltage that reflects the movement of ATP across the inner mitochondrial membrane
During cellular respiration, 60 molecules of CO2 were given off as waste. a. How many pyruvate molecules were produced in glycolysis? b. The total amount of ATP produced by complete cellular respiration would be? c. The amount of energy available (Net ATP) to cell as ATP would be?
A new ATP-producing protein is discovered that couples ATP production to the oxidation of NADPH by oxidative phosphorylation. Assume that the value of ΔGo for ATP synthesis is 30 kJ•mol−1. If this protein only produces 1 molecule of ATP per reaction that consumes one NADPH: a. How much free energy is wasted, under standard conditions?b. How many more ATP molecules could be created by a perfectly efficient electron transport chain from one NADPH?
During oxidative phosphorylation, the proton motive force that is generated by electron transport is used to: a. Generate the substrates (ADP and Pi) for the ATP synthase. b. Create a pore in the inner mitochondrial membrane. c. Oxidize NADH to NAD+. d. Induce a conformational change in the ATP synthase.
A) Consider what would happen if you added any of the citric acid cycle intermediiates: would the rates of ATP produce increase or decrease? What about CO2 production rates? B)What if pyruvate oxidation was blocked? What would you expect to happen to the levels of oxaloacetate and citric acid when looking at the citric and cycle
(a) Starting with one molecule of glucose, how many ATPs are produced during (I) aerobic and (II) anaerobic respiration? (b) In chemiosmotic (oxidative) phosphorylation, what is the most direct source of energy that is used to convert ADP + Pi to ATP and what the driving force for the ATP formation through ATP synthase?
You are testing the effects of different molecules on respiration using isolated liver cells that are growing on glucose. For each of the compounds listed below, indicate whether the compound will increase or decrease respiration (measured by monitoring oxygen consumption), and provide reasoning for your answer in two sentences at most. Consider only the early time after the compound begins to exert its effects. a. An inhibitor of the FoF1 ATPase b. A proton channel that enables protons to cross the inner mitochondrial membrane by facilitated diffusion c. An inhibitor of NADH dehydrogenase (complex I of the electron transport chain)
a) Explain how in oxygenated tissue your cells use your MITOCHONDRIA to produce energy: DESCRIBE the processes occurring in your MITOCHONDRIA (intermediate stage, Krebs, and ETC), Make sure to mention where those processes occur.b) How many ATP per glucose are formed in your mitochondria? Where are they formed?
In mitochondria, the electron transport chain converts energy stored in NADH and FADH2 into a: a. Gradient of electrons between the matrix and the intermembrane space b. Gradient of protons between the matrix and the intermembrane space c. Flux of ATP between the cytoplasm and the matrix d. Gradient of neutrons between the matrix and the cytoplasm e. Flux of ADP through substrate cycling The theoretical ATP yield from the complete oxidation of 1 mole of glucose via glycolysis, the TCA cycle and the electron transport chain is higher in a heart cell compared to a skeletal muscle cell because: a. O2 availability is different in the different cell types b. Heart cells are more metabolically active c. The TCA cycle generates more NADH in a heart cell d. Skeletal muscle cells are less energy dense e. Different mitochondrial shuttles operating in the two tissues