The tRNA for Phe binds to the mRNA codon UUU. You mutate the anticodon of the Phe-tRNA from AAA to GAA. What happens to the cell? Select the best answer. Please note that all nucleic acid sequences are provided according to scientific convention. a. All UUU codons now code for Glu instead of Phe b. All UUU codons now code for Leu instead of Phe c. Nothing happens d. All AAA codons now code for Glu instead of Phe e. All AAA codons now code for Leu instead of Phe

The tRNA for Phe binds to the mRNA codon UUU. You mutate the anticodon of the Phe-tRNA from AAA to GAA. What happens to the cell? Select the best answer. Please note that all nucleic acid sequences are provided according to scientific convention. a. All UUU codons now code for Glu instead of Phe b. All UUU codons now code for Leu instead of Phe c. Nothing happens d. All AAA codons now code for Glu instead of Phe e. All AAA codons now code for Leu instead of Phe

Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)

4th Edition

ISBN:9781305389892

Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Chapter15: From Dna To Protein

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1ITD

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The codon UUU in an mRNA molecule which results in phenylalanine being inserted as the protein is made. Which will be a characteristic of this codon? a. The tRNA molecule that binds to the UUU codon must have an AAA anticodon. Nde ba e2? b. UUU could code for both phenylalanine and alanine during translation. c. The aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase for phenylalanine binds only the UUU codon. d. UUU is probably only one of several codons that code for phenylalanine.
Below is the 5’–3’ strand of a double-stranded DNA molecule with the following nucleotide sequences:5’ C C T A T G C A G T G G C C A T A T T C C A A A G C A T A G C 3’ 1. If the RNA synthesized above (item #3) is a functional mRNA and all the nucleotides belong to an exon,a. how many codons are present in this mRNA?b. how many codons actually code for a protein in this mRNA?c. what stop codon is present in this mRNA?
Which of the following regions on the tRNA are composed of a sequence of nucleotides? a. anticodon that binds to codon in mRNA b. anticodon that binds to codon in ribosomes c. anticodon that binds to codon in tRNA synthetase d. none of the above
A particular tRNA is mutated so that the amino acid attachment cannot bind with the aminoacyl-tRNA synthase. What happens when an mRNA transcript contains the codon for this tRNA? A. The tRNA will not bind to this codon. B. Translation stops and the protein is released. C The wrong tRNA is added to the protein chain. D. Translation stops and the protein remains bound to the ribosome.
Which of the following best describes tRNA? a. Provides the instructions for the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide b. Complexes with ribosomal proteins to form ribosomes c. Used for eukaryotic RNA processing d. Transports amino acids to ribosomes during translation
In which of the ribosomal sites, the A site, P site, and/or E site, could the following be found? A. A tRNA without an amino acid attached B. A tRNA with a polypeptide attached C. A tRNA with a single amino acid attached
An anticodon has the sequence GCG. What amino acid does this tRNA carry? What would be the effect of a mutation that changes the C of the anti-codon to a G?
Which of the following is true about tRNA? Select one: A. All tRNAs have a CCA sequence at the 3'-end. B. All tRNAs have a CCG sequence at the 5'-end. C. All tRNAs have a CAC sequence at the 3'-end. D. All tRNAs have a CCA sequence at the 5'-end. E. All tRNAs have a CCG sequence at the 3'-end.
The figure below shows a ribosome in the process of translating an mRNA with the sequence: 5’…AUGCCGUAUGCUCUUUAA…3’ a. The right side shows the ribosome with an empty A site aligned with the codon 5’UAU 3’. The next tRNA to occupy the A site on the ribosome will have what anti-codon sequence ( label 5’ and 3’)? Keep in mind the wobble pairing rules and make sure your answer is consistent with the genetic code. Explain your answer. b. Suppose, just as the ribosome started translating the mRNA, the cell suddenly lost all of its alanine tRNAs. Using the figure above as a guide, draw and label the state the ribosome would arrest in.
Draw a tRNA that would recognize the codon 5’ A U G 3’. What is the sequence of this tRNA’s anticodon? Label the ends of the tRNA (3’ and 5’). Label the anticodon in your diagram, and write out the sequence of the anticodon in the context of your figure. Where is the amino acid attached? What type of bonds will form between the anticodon of the tRNA and the mRNA codon?
What happens when a stop codon is reached by a ribosome? A termination tRNAter binds to the codon and the growing peptide is transferred to it. When the peptidyl-tRNAter reaches the P site, the ribosome dissociates. A separate peptidyl transferase then releases the protein from tRNAter. A termination tRNAter binds to the codon and the growing peptide is transferred to it. When the peptidyl-tRNAter reaches the P site, the ribosome is signaled to release the protein. The ribosome then is likely to dissociate. A release factor binds to the codon and is used to release the growing peptide from the P site tRNA. A termination tRNAter binds to the codon and is used to release the growing peptide from the P site tRNA. The ribosome then is likely to dissociate.
Use this genetic code table for some of the questions ahead. You do not need to memorize the code, except for the start codon (AUG = Met) and the stop codons (UAA, UAG, UGA). Which of the following statements about the genetic code is correct? A) All codons specify more than one amino acid. B) The genetic code is redundant. C) All amino acids are specified by more than one codon. D) All codons specify an amino acid.