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when covid hit how did it effect tariff in the U.S. economy?
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- Assume two countries, Thailand (T) and Japan (J), have one good: cameras. The demand (d) and supply (s) for cameras In Thailand and Japan is described by the following functions: QsT=-5+14P QsJ=-10+14P QdT=60-P QdJ=80-P P is the price measured in a common currency used in both countries, such as the Thai Baht. Compute the equilibrium price (P) and quantities in each country without trade. Now assume that free trade occurs. The free-trade price goes to 56.36 Baht. Who exports and Imports cameras and in what quantities?Suppose that Congress imposes a tariff on importedautomobiles to protect the U.S. auto industry fromforeign competition. Assuming that the United Statesis a price taker in the world auto market, show thefollowing on a diagram: the change in the quantityof imports, the loss to U.S. consumers, the gainto U.S. manufacturers, government revenue, andthe deadweight loss associated with the tariff. Theloss to consumers can be decomposed into threepieces: a gain to domestic producers, revenue forthe government, and a deadweight loss. Use yourdiagram to identify these three pieces.Home's demand curve for wheat isD= 100- 20P.Its supply curve isS= 20 + 20P.3. Home imposes a specie tariff of 0.5 on wheat imports.a. Determine and graph the effects of the tariff on the following: (1) the price ofwheat in each country; (2) the quantity of wheat supplied and demanded in each country; (3) the volume of trade.b. Determine the effect of the tariff on the welfare of each of the following groups:(1) Home import-competing producers; (2) Home consumers; (3) the Homegovernment.c. Show graphically and calculate the terms of trade gain, the efficiency loss, and thetotal effect on welfare of the tariff.
- Suppose the U.S. imposes a trade embargo onNorth Korea in order to exert political pressureon the government. Consider how the embargowill affect U.S. producers. Under what conditionswould they support the embargo? Why mightthey oppose it?Consider the arguments for restricting trade.a. Imagine that you are a lobbyist for timber, anestablished industry suffering from low-pricedforeign competition, and you are trying to getCongress to pass trade restrictions. Which twoor three of the five arguments discussed in thechapter do you think would be most persuasiveto the average member of Congress? Explain yourreasoning.b. Now assume you are an astute student ofeconomics (not a hard assumption, we hope).Although all the arguments for restricting tradehave their shortcomings, name the two or threearguments that seem to make the most economicsense to you. For each, describe the economicrationale for and against these arguments for traderestrictions.One of the important events in world trade in recent months has been the escalation of a trade war between the USA and China. This trade war has increased tariffs in both the USA and in China. For concreteness, let's consider what happens to welfare in the USA economy from the USA imposing tariffs on Chinese goods. Are there any individuals that gain from the imposition of tariffs? If so, identify these individuals and explain why. Are there any individuals that lose from the imposition of tariffs? If so, identify these individuals and explain why. On aggregate, economists advocate that trade is welfare improving. If that is the case, why would politicians such as Trump advocate a policy that damages the economy and why would voters support such a politician?
- home cheese alc=1hr/kg wine alw=2hrs/gallon foreign cheese alc*=6hrs/kg wine alw*=3hrs/gallon Calculate the Home country's opportunity cost of producing cheese. In which product does the Home (Foreign* ) country has an absolute advantage? Show in which product does the Home (Foreign* ) country has comparative advantage? Calculate the relative supply (RS) With trade, what is the equilibrium range that the relative price of cheese to wine will settle? Supposing that the intersection of RS and RD occurs at PC /PW = 1, what is the implication?The country Autarka does not allow international trade.In Autarka, you can buy a wool suit for 3 ounces ofgold. Meanwhile, in neighboring countries, you can buythe same suit for 2 ounces of gold. This suggests thata. Autarka has a comparative advantage inproducing suits and would become a suitexporter if it opened up trade.b. Autarka has a comparative advantage inproducing suits and would become a suitimporter if it opened up trade.c. Autarka does not have a comparative advantagein producing suits and would become a suitexporter if it opened up trade.d. Autarka does not have a comparative advantagein producing suits and would become a suitimporter if it opened up tradeHome’s domestic demand and supply curves for skateboards are D = 500 - 10P and S = 300 + 20P and Foreign’s domestic demand and supply curves for the same type of skateboard are D = 1000 – 10P and S = 200 + 40P. a. Find the autarky price and quantity for each country. If the countries trade, which country will export skateboards? b. Derive algebraically the import demand and export supply functions. Find the price and the volume of trade with free trade. c. Please show graphically the world equilibrium, equilibrium at Home, and at Foreign under free trade. d. Now the importer country imposes a tariff of $4 per skateboard. i. Determine and show graphically the effects.
- What are non-tariff barriers? List and explain 3 examples of non-tariff barriersimposed by the U.S., why they were implemented, andtheir impact on the U.S. and other countries. All trade barriers are suddenly eliminated! Explainwhat would happen to employment, national income,and GDP in America, and why those things wouldhappen?a) What is a tariff ? Does a tariff have a result from an import quota? b) Suppose a tariff allowed an industry to create 200,000 jobs paying an average of $22,500 per year. Before the tariff consumers bought 3 billion units (60% imported) at a price of $30. After the tariff they bought 2.75 billion units (none imported) at a price of $36. How much did total consumer spending on the good increase and how much per new job? c) True or False and explain: Free trade allows countries to specialize in producing those goods in which they have the comparative advantage, which in turn, results in increased world production and income.The country of Pepperland exports steel to the Landof Submarines. Information for the quantity demanded(Qd) and quantity supplied (Qs) in each country, in aworld without trade, are given in Table 34.6 and Table34.7. a. What would be the equilibrium price andquantity in each country in a world withouttrade? How can you tell?b. What would be the equilibrium price andquantity in each country if trade is allowed tooccur? How can you tell?c. Sketch two supply and demand diagrams, one foreach country, in the situation before trade.d. On those diagrams, show the equilibrium priceand the levels of exports and imports in the worldafter trade.e. If the Land of Submarines imposes an antidumping import quota of 30, explain in generalterms whether it will benefit or injure consumersand producers in each country.f. Does your general answer change if the Land ofSubmarines imposes an import quota of 70?
