Which of the following exemplifies statistical discrimination in health insurance? I. Insurance providers tend to charge lower premiums to young adults, because young adults cost less on average to insure. II. People with higher-than-average health costs are more likely to seek out health insurance. II. Doctors tend to prescribe more tests and treatments to patients who are insured over patients who are uninsured. Multiple Choice Il only Il and III only I only 1, II, and II
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- What provision of federal law makes employer-based health insurance even more attractive to most EMPLOYEES who receive it than just the value of the premium? O Insured employees can take a tax deduction for the entire amount paid to doctors for the employee's treatment even if much of the cost was paid by insurance. Employer-based health insurance offers much better coverage than other types of insurance Employer-based health insurance offers lower copays and deductibles than other types of insurance The value of health insurance paid by an employer is not taxable income for the employeeI need answer typing no chatgpt pls Which situation is most likely to create an incentive for doctors to perform unnecessary procedures O a fee-for-service health insurance policy O free market health care O a single-payer system O a health maintenance organizationPlease no written by hand and no image How do you do this in excel? Suppose you are collecting data from a country like Japan where the government sets the price of health care. Each prefecture in Japan has a different set of prices (for example, Tokyo has higher prices than rural Hokkaido). Data for 1999 is displayed in Table 2.12. Table 2.12. Outpatient utilization in Tokyo and Hokkaido, 1999. RegionOut patient visitsPrice/visitsTokyo1.25/months20Hokkaido1.5/months10 A) What is the arc price elastic of demand for health care consumers in Japan (using only this data)? B) Suppose that incomes are generally much higher in Tokyo than Hokkaido. Is your answer to the last question an overestimate or underestimate of price elasticity? Justify your answer. [Hint: It may be helpful to plot the data points from Table 2.12 and consider likely demand curves for Tokyo and Hokkaido.] C) Using your estimated elasticity, what would the demand for health care be if the price in Tokyo were raised to…
- Question 8: Consider two workers, Ralph and Steve. Both of them work for the same employer, and each earns $15 per hour. Steve is taxed at the 15 percent marginal rate. However, Ralph is married, and due to his wife’s income, he is taxed at the 28 percent marginal rate. Using Figure 11.3, indicate which one would be expected to seek more health insurance and why.Suppose a particular population has two kinds of health risks, high and low. Let the expected annual health care costs for the high risk be $10,000, and for the low risk, half that. If there are twice as many low risk as high risk individuals, and if the one insurer’s administrative load is 20%, what would the community rated premium be if everyone is compelled to and able to buy health insurance? Note: administrative load can be construed as the amount that the insurer has in costs to run the plans above and beyond the "health care costs."9) In which of the following countries does health insurance not pay for most preventive care procedures? A) Canada B) Japan C) the United Kingdom D) the United States 10) Substantial co-payments are typically not required as a part of the health care system in A) Canada and the United Kingdom. B) Japan and Canada. C) the United States and Japan. D) Japan and the United Kingdom. 11) The largest government-run health care system in the world, with 1.7 million employees, is the National Health Service (NHS) in the United Kingdom. The NHS receives its funding primarily from A) tariffs. B) the World Health Organization. C) income taxes. D) private businesses. 12) Typically, the ________ in a country, the higher the level of spending per person on health care. A) higher the level of income per person B) larger the population C) higher the level of income taxes D) lower the median age of the population 13) In ________, health care spending per person…
- An important distinction in health insurance is between the list price (PL) and out-of-pocket price (PP) of a medical good or service. The list price is the official price that the provider charges the insurance company, while the out-of-pocket price is the price that the insurance customer faces. Sometimes, the out-of-pocket price depends on the list price. d. Now assume the consumer is part of a partial insurance plan with a coinsurance provision. Her insurance pays 50% of all medical expenses. Consider again the relationship between PL and PP and plot a coinsurance plan demand curve in PL - Q space. Label this curve D3. e. Finally, assume the consumer is part of a partial insurance plan with a copayment provision. Her insurance pays all expenses above and beyond her copayment of $25 for each unit of Q. Consider again the relationship between PL and PP and plot a copayment-plan demand curve in PL - Q space. Label this curve D4.Suppose Bethilda earned $30,000 at her last job where she faced a 3% chance of dying on the job. Now Bathilda earns $27,000 at a new job where she faces a 2% chance of dying on the job. What is Bethilda’s implied Value of a Statistical Life? What are the uses of this measure?51.If, over the years, the standard night in a hospital has risen in price from $200 a night to $1000 a night but now also includes amenities, then economists insist that the price A)has risen $800 over that period. B)has definitely risen but by less than $800 over that period. C)has definitely risen and by more than $800 over that period. D)may have risen or fallen depending on the value of the amenities. 52.Effective AIDS drugs did not exist in the early 1980s. When they became available they were very expensive. When people use these facts to say that the price of AIDS drugs has increased economists generally A)agree. B)suggest they are confusing price increases with quality increases. C)note that the drugs are not as effective as advertised. D)stay out of this discussion. 53.Effective AIDS drugs did not exist in the early 1980s. When they became available they were very expensive. When people use these facts to say that the price of AIDS drugs has increased…
- Do you think Canada's universal health care program can alleviate problems caused by moral hazard and adverse selection in the private insurance markets? Why or why not? John's utility curve over total wealth is given by U(W) =VW (i.e. square root of W). Suppose that he has a 50% chance of being healthy. If he is healthy, he gets all his wealth-$10,000. If he becomes sick, he only has $3,600 remaining after medical expenditures. Calculate John's wealth and utility when he does and does not get sick, his expected utility, expected wealth, and his expected loss. Now he has the option of buying health insurance Calculate the maximum amount John would be willing to pay to fully insure against the cost of the sickness. How much is the actuarially fair and risk premium? Suppose that society consists of large, equal numbers of identical male and identical female consumers. Male consumers are similar to John; female consumers differ only in that they face a 25% probability of being sick, but…_____ is when everyone in a country is covered by insurance that is run and administered by the government. This strategy is effective at combatting _____. a. Means tested health insurance; adverse selection b. Universal public health insurance; adverse selection c. Universal public health insurance; moral hazard d. Compulsory insurance; moral hazard e. Compulsory insurance; monopoly pricing f. Means tested health insurance; moral hazardAtl Econ J (2013) 41:8991DOI 10.1007/s11293-012-9342-2ANTHOLOGYSocial Capital and Income Inequality in the UnitedStatesRati RamPublished online: 17 October 2012# International Atlantic Economic Society 2012Many scholars have explored in recent years various correlates and consequences ofsocial capital along with discussions of the concept. For example, relationship ofsocial capital with population happiness, health, income, economic growth, andhuman development has been researched by several scholars. However, very fewstudies have considered the relationship between social capital and income inequality.One exception to that is the recent work by Robison et al. (Journal of SocioEconomics, 2011) which proposed a theoretical link between social capital andincome distribution and conducted an empirical exploration for the U.S. states forthe census years 1980, 1990, and 2000. Their key measure of social capital wassomewhat narrowly focused on percent of households headed by a single female…