Which of the following is correct regarding the relationships ofintermediates in Lipogenesis and Citric Acid Cycle?The citric acid cycle intermediates are succinate derivates while thelipogenesis intermediates are butyrate derivatives.Both citric acid cycle and lipogenesis intermediates have keto, hydroxy andunsaturated derivatives.The order of intermediates in lipogenesis is the reverse order ofintermediates in citric acid cycle.The citric acid intermediates involve C4 monoacids and the lipogenesisintermediates involve C4 diacids.

The citric acid cycle (TCA cycle ) is the central metabolic cyclic pathway in aerobic cellular…

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Biochemistry

6th Edition

ISBN:9781305577206

Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Publisher:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Chapter19: The Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 22P: Study Figure 19.18 and decide which of the following statements is false. Pyruvate dehydrogenase is...

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Which of the following is NOT a component of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex? a. dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase b. dihydrolipoyl transacetylase c. pyruvate dehydrogenase d. dihydrolipoyl catalase
The rate limiting and committed step of the pentose phosphate pathway is catalyzed by which of the following enzymes? A. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase B. Hexokinase C. 6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase D. Transketolase
One of the consequences of ethanol addiction is fattyliver disease, an illness in which liver cells accumulatetriacylglycerols, the esters derived from glycerol and fattyacids. Ethanol is oxidized in the cytoplasm of liver cells byalcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase to yieldacetate and 2 NADH. Acetate is then transported into themitochondrion, where it is converted to acetyl-CoA andmetabolized by the citric acid cycle. When alcohol is consumed in excessive quantities, the resulting high levels ofNADH cause metabolic abnormalities, one of which is highlevels of fatty acid synthesis. Fatty acid synthesis, also acytoplasmic process, uses acetyl-CoA as a substrate andNADPH as a reducing agent. Determine how a high level ofcytoplasmic NADH provides a source of NADPH for fattyacid synthesis.
One consequence of ethanol addiction is fatty liver disease, an illness in which liver cells accumulate large amounts of triacylglycerols, the esters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Ethanol is oxidized in the cytoplasm of liver cells by alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase to yield acetate and 2 NADH. Acetate is then transported into the mitochondrion, where it is converted to acetyl-CoA and metabolized in the citric acid cycle. When alcohol is consumed in excessive quantities, the resulting high levels of NADH cause metabolic abnormalities, one of which is high levels of fatty acid synthesis. Fatty acid synthesis, also a cytoplasmic process, uses acetyl-CoA as a substrate and NADPH as a reducing agent. Speculate about how a high level of cytoplasmic NADH provides a source of NADPH for fatty acid synthesis.
A fatty acid (a long straight-chain carboxylic acid with an even number of carbons) is metabolized to acetylCoA, which can then enter the citric acid cycle to be further metabolized. A fatty acid with an odd number of carbons is metabolized to acetyl-CoA and one equivalent of propionyl-CoA. Propionyl-CoA cannot enter the citric acid cycle. Two coenzyme-requiring enzymes are needed to convert it to succinyl-CoA, a compound that can enter the citric acid cycle. Write the two enzyme-catalyzed reactions and include the names of the required coenzymes.
upon digestion of starch maltose, one of its degradation products is further hydrolyzed into its monosaccharide components prior to intestinal absorption and entry into the glycolysis. calculate the number of ATP molecules produced from the digestion and complete oxidation of 1 molecule of maltose considering the glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle. question: 5. what is the total number of acetyl CoA molecules entering the citric acid cycle
Which of the following is most likely to cause accumulation of acetyl CoA? Group of answer choices There is not enough oxaloacetate present to run the citric acid cycle Increase activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase Increased fatty acid synthesis Increased citrate synthase activity When fluoroacetate (an analog of acetate) is added to the mitochondria, it causes build up of fluorocitrate. Which of the following is most likely to be true? Group of answer choices Fluoroacetate cannot be converted to fluoroacetyl CoA Fluoroacetyl CoA cannot be combined with oxaloacetate to enter the citric acid cycle Addition of fluoroacetate will cause an increase in isocitrate Aconitase cannot use fluorocitrate as a substrate
When one of the acetyl CoA is processed through the citric acid cycle, how many times does a secondary alcohol group is oxidized to a ketone group?
The two main goals of the citric acid cycle are: (a) citrate synthesis and gluconeogenesis (b).degradation of acetyl-CoA to produce energy and supply precursors for anabolism (c).degradation of pyruvate to produce energy and supply precursors for anabolism (d).degradation of glucose to produce energy and supply precursors for anabolism (e).degradation of pyruvate to produce energy and synthesize oxaloacetate for gluconeogenesis
The completion of one cycle of the citric acid cycle oxidizing one acetyl CoA results in net... Group of answer choices 2 ATP produced consumption of 1 molecule of citrate consumption of 1 molecule of oxaloacetate production of 2 CO2 Which of the following is not a component of the citric acid cycle? Group of answer choices Oxaloacetate Succinyl CoA Malate Pyruvate Which of the following enzymes catalyzes an anaplerotic reaction? Group of answer choices citrate synthase pyruvate dehydrogenase complex malate dehydrogenase pyruvate carboxylase
If the brain needs glucose, then gluconeogenesis stops after reaction (9, 8, 10, 2) because (phosphoenolpyruvate, glucose, glucose-6-phosphaet, fructose-6-phosphate) can be exported from the hepatocyte using a transporter.
Which of the following statements about the "central role" of TCA is/are correct? a. Some metabolic intermediates of TCA are used as non-carbohydrate sources for gluconeogenesis. b. β-oxidation of lipids produces acetyl-CoA that can enter TCA. c. All metabolic intermediates in TCA are used in the biosynthesis of amino acids. d. Degraded amino acids are converted to metabolic intermediates of TCA, then to ketone bodies.

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