Why are the enzymes α-Amylase and α-glucosidase active in a patient with hyperglycemia or diabetes? How do they become activated?
Q: Can alanine, glycine, and serine be used to treat hypoglycemia induced by starvation? Explain.
A: Hypoglycemia: Hypoglycemia occurs when the blood glucose level falls below the usual range. Glucose…
Q: Why does it make metabolic sense for the same hormone signal to stimulate glycogenolysis and inhibit…
A: The muscles and the liver respond in distinct ways to the same hormone signal, thus participating in…
Q: How are the irreversible reactions of glycolysis bypassed in gluconeogenesis?
A: Introduction: Gluconeogenesis is a metabolic pathway where glucose is synthesized from…
Q: where do a-amylase and B-amylase carry out their enzymatic functions?
A: a-amylase and B-amylase carry out their enzymatic functions is Mouth.
Q: Which isoenzyme of Lactate dehydrogenase is present in blood?.
A: Isoenzymes are physically different from of enzyme that catalyses same biochemical reactions.
Q: Why is pyruvate carboxylase constitutive and active in both glycolysis and gluconeogenesis?
A: The pyruvate carboxylase got multiple sub units of enzymes. Here acetyl CoA helps as an regulatory…
Q: Fatty acids appear to stimulate insulin secretion to a much greater extent when glucose is also…
A: Long chain fatty acids potentiate glucose stimulated insulin secretion. Fatty acids don't trigger…
Q: /on Gierke's disease is a glycogen storage disease that results from the absence of…
A: Glucose-6-phosphatase converts glucose-6-phosphate to glucose. Absence of glucose-6-phosphatase…
Q: How is the production of ketone bodies related to ketoacidosis?
A: Glucose is the primary source for the production of ATP, and when the body does not have enough…
Q: How does the first cycle of fatty acid degradation differ from the subsequent cycles?
A: Metabolism is defined as the entire quantity of biochemical events that occur in an organism's cells…
Q: If all of the pentose phosphate pathway is functioning (both oxidative and non-oxidative portions),…
A: Pentose Phosphate Pathway, also called the HMP shunt pathway is a multipurpose biochemical pathway…
Q: How does adipose tissue metabolize absorbed triglyceride, and what are the three major sources of…
A: The digestive system consists of a collection of organs that help in the digestion and metabolism of…
Q: What form of activated glucose is used in the biosynthesis ofglycogen by bacteria?
A: Bacteria are member of a large group of unicellular microorganisms. It has cell walls but lack…
Q: What is the rule of 2 for gluconeogenesis ?
A: Gluconeogenesis is the process of formation of glucose from glucogenic amino acids. Enzymes involved…
Q: Why is glucose provided by glycogenolysis in the liver but not in skeletal muscle?
A: Through glycogenolysis process, glycogen broken down into glucose and provide energy. Muscle…
Q: How does glucose binding to glycogen phosphorylase stimulate glycogen synthesis?
A: When there is an enormous amount of energy present, then the cell uses these to synthesize glycogen…
Q: Why is it important that gluconeogenesis is not the exactreverse of glycolysis?
A: Glycolysis is the process by which the glucose molecule from the food is broken down to produce…
Q: What properties of glucokinase allow it to phosphorylate glucose in the liver when the blood glucose…
A: Glucokinase is an enzyme that facilitates phosphorylation of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate.…
Q: What is the function of the glucose-alanine cycle in normalmetabolism?
A: The glucose-alanine cycle is also known as the alanine cycle or the Cahill cycle. It occurs under…
Q: How does the role of glucose-6- phosphate in gluconeogenesis differ from that in glycolysis?
A: Introduction Metabolic pathways involve the reaction of metabolism. These pathways are a series of…
Q: What Are Ketone Bodies, and What Role Do They Play inMetabolism?
A: Ketone bodies play a significant role as a fuel source during starvation. In the liver, fatty acyl…
Q: How is Glutamate degraded?
A: Glutamate refers to the anion of glutamic acid in its role as a neurotransmitter which is a chemical…
Q: Why is it essential that the mechanisms that activate glycogen synthesis also deactivate glycogen…
A: Glycogen is a polysaccharide that facilitates the energy storage functions in animals, bacteria,…
Q: List reaction or pathways of fatty acid oxidation and biosynthesis affected by insulin and glucagon.
A: Insulin is the hormone synthesized by the β cells of pancreas. Whereas glucagon is synthesized by…
Q: What is gluconeogenesis?
A: Biochemistry is the study of the structure and functions of molecules involved in the living system.…
Q: How does insulin contribute in regulation of fatty acid metabolism?
A: Fatty acids are the simplest form of lipids and they serve as the constituent in a large number of…
Q: How does pyruvate carboxylase deficiency result in lactic aciduria, an illness in which lactate…
A: Glucose metabolism is regulated by hormones and feedback system.
Q: What is the function of ATP in the conversion of glutamate to glutamine?
A: Glutamine synthetase is an enzyme which is responsible for metabolism of nitrogen by catalyzing the…
Q: Why is it advantageous that breakdown of glycogen gives rise to glucose-6-phosphate rather than to…
A: Introduction The phosphorolytic cleavage of glycogen results in the formation of glucose-6-phosphate…
Q: What is the origin of the triacylglycerols transported by very low-density lipoproteins?
A: Very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) carry about 47% triglycerides and 53% cholesterol in the body.…
Q: What are the sources of glucose 6-phosphate in liver cells?
A: Glucose 6 phosphate is produced in the cells in two different ways. The glucose that is…
Q: What are the substrates for gluconeogenesis? What role do fatty acids play ingluconeogenesis?
A: Gluconeogenesis is the metabolic pathway that results in the generation of glucose from certain…
Q: What activates glycolysis and inhibits gluconeogenesis? Discuss.
A: Glycolysis and gluconeogenesis are enzyme-mediated metabolic pathways.
Q: What is the difference between Diabetic Ketoacidosis and Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic Syndrome (HHNS)?
A: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome (HHNS) are the two…
Q: How does beta-oxidation function in lipid (triglyceride) catabolism?
A: Fatty acid catabolism is the mechanism by which the body accesses energy stored as triglycerides.…
Q: What type of reaction is catalyzed by isocitrate dehydrogenase and a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase?
A: Oxidative decarboxylation is a process in which carbon dioxide is produced through the removal of a…
Q: Two of the bypass reactions of gluconeogenesis involve:
A: the two bypass reactions of gluconeogenesis are- pyruvate carboxylase convert pyruvate to…
Q: What triggers gluconeogenesis? Then, what is the main purpose of gluconeogenesis?
A: The metabolic mechanism gluconeogenesis produces glucose from non-carbohydrate carbon sources.…
Q: How does an increase in the ADP/ATP ratioaffect the activity of isocitrate dehydrogenase?
A: Isocitrate dehydrogenase and is an enzyme that catalyses the oxidative decarboxylation of…
Q: What is the effect of the cholesterol diet on the amount of HMGCoA reductase protein?
A: Cholesterol is a compound which consist of cyclic ring and it is essential component which is…
Q: Why can liver glycogen, but not muscle glycogen, be used to raise blood sugar levels?
A: Glycogenolysis is breakdown of glycogen. Glycogen has stored energy in form of glucose. It is broken…
Q: Why are the symptoms of carnitine palmitoyl transferase II deficiency more severe during fasting?
A: Carnitine palmitoyltransferase II (CPT II) deficiency is a condition that prevents the body from…
Q: What is the role of biotin in gluconeogenesis?
A: Gluconeogenisis is the metabolic process in which glucose was synthesized from non-carbohydrate…
Q: What is gluconeogenesis? Why is it important?
A: Gluconeogenesis is the process of synthesis of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources like proteins…
Q: What Is Gluconeogenesis, and How DoesIt Operate?
A: Introduction: A metabolic route is a chain of chemical events that take place within a cell.…
Q: What is the role of sugar phosphates in gluconeogenesis?
A: Cell metabolism can be defined as the chemical process occurring in a living cell that plays an…
Q: How is the fatty acid prepared for catabolism? Where in the cell does fatty acid activation take…
A: Introduction: Fatty acids are molecules composed of long chains of lipid and carboxylic acid. it is…
Why are the enzymes α-Amylase and α-glucosidase active in a patient with hyperglycemia or diabetes? How do they become activated?
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- How are the irreversible reactions of glycolysis bypassed in gluconeogenesis?Is ketogenesis anabolic or catabolic? Thus, what initiates the ketogenesis in our body?How is the usage of fat as an energy source regulated? What would you expect to be the effect ofcaffeine or theophylline on fatty acid mobilization?
- What are the sources of glucose 6-phosphate in liver cells?What effect is observed on the rate of gluconeogenesis under each of the following conditions? a. low ATP concentrationc. high carbohydrate diet b. low ADP concentrationd. low carbohydrate dietWhat is the effect of insulin on the committed step of glycolysis in the liver? Describe the mechanism by which insulin can affect the activity of this enzyme in the liver?