Write and test a function called decimal_to_binary() that takes a positive integer as input argument and returns a string representing that number in binary. Your program should not use the built-in bin() function for the conversion. You may use it to test your function to verify the answers of your function.

Can computers help decide sentences for criminals? If so, who should program the computer? What would Nils Christie say about using computers in this way? Note: I encourage you to interpret "computer" to mean all forms of artificial intelligence, including machine-learning. Do not limit yourself to current technology. I am asking whether we should do it, not whether computers are capable of it.

According to legend, the first century Jewish historian, Flavius Josephus,was captured along with a band of 40 compatriots by Roman soldiers duringthe Jewish–Roman war. The captured soldiers decided that they preferredsuicide to being captured and devised a plan for their demise. They wereto form a circle and kill every third soldier until they were all dead. Josephand one other decided they wanted no part of this and quickly calculatedwhere they needed to place themselves in the circle so that they would bothsurvive. Write a program that allows you to place n people in a circle andspecify that every m person will be killed. The program should determinethe number of the last person left in the circle. Use a circularly linked listto solve the problem.

A quaker was walking down a country road when he was suddenly confronted by a robber brandishing a pistol. The robber exclaimed, "Your money or your life!" My friend replied, "I cannot deliver my money because I should be aiding thee in evildoing, but exchange is lawful, and I will give thee my purse for the pistol." The thief consented to accept the purse, then the quaker pointed the gun to the robber's head and said, "Now buddy, give me back my pocketbook or the weapon may go off fire," according to the robber.