Interpretation:
For a city of 50,000 people, the quantity of sodium fluoride that would be needed per yeartoadd in drinking water and the percentage ofsodium fluoride wastedto be calculated.
Concept Introduction:
Conversion factor is a fraction that is used to convert one unit to another. Use of more than one factor to find a solution is called dimensional analysis.
Answer to Problem 117AP
Solution:
Explanation of Solution
Given information:
The number of people in the city is 50,000.
The daily consumption of water per person is
The concentration of fluorine in water is
Sodium fluoride contains 45.0% fluorine by mass.
Water used for drinking and cooking per day is 6 L per person.
There are 50,000 people in the city, and daily consumption of water, per person, is
Multiply 50,000 with
The concentration of fluorine in water is
The conversion factor to calculate the amount of fluorine needed is
Multiply the amount of water, in grams, by the conversion factor
Sodium fluoride contains 45.0% fluorine by mass. It can be expressed as:
Multiply the amount of fluorine by theconversion factor
Convert the amount of sodium fluoride to kilograms using theconversion factor
The amount of sodium fluoride required per day is 0.632 kg/day.
Multiply 0.632 kg/day with theconversion factor
Hence,
If the daily usage of water for drinking and cooking is 6 L per person, then, for 50,000 people, the water used is as:
Convert this to gallons.
The amount of sodium fluoride required for
Thus, for
Thus, the amount of sodium fluoride wasted is calculated as:
Hence, the percentage wastage is as:
Hence,
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Chapter 1 Solutions
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