Physics for Scientists and Engineers
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781429281843
Author: Tipler
Publisher: MAC HIGHER
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Chapter 1, Problem 16P
To determine
The number of times “IBM” could be written across the
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If ϕ = 90° − θ, what is the value of sin2 ϕ + sin2 θ?
In a situation in which data are known to three significant digits, we write 6.379 m = 6.38 m and 6.374 m = 6.37 m. When a number ends in 5, we arbitrarily choose to write 6.375 m = 6.38 m. We could equally well write 6.375 m = 6.37 m, “rounding down” instead of “rounding up,” because we would change the number 6.375 by equal increments in both cases. Now consider an order-of-magnitude estimate, in which factors of change rather than increments are important. We write 500 m ~ 103 m because 500 differs from 100 by a factor of 5 while it differs from 1 000 by only a factor of 2. We write 437 m ~ 103 m and 305 m ~ 102 m. What distance differs from 100 m and from 1 000 m by equal factors so that we could equally well choose to represent its order of magnitude as ~ 102 m or as ~ 103 m?
A surveyor measures the distance across a straight river by the following method: Starting directly across from a tree on the opposite bank, he walks x = 100 m along the riverbank to establish a baseline. Then he sights across to the tree. The angle from his baseline to the tree is θ = 35.0° (Fig. P1.49). How wide is the river?
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Physics for Scientists and Engineers
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- A pirate has buried his treasure on an island with five trees located at the points (30.0 m, 20.0 m), (60.0 m, 80.0 m), (10.0 m, 10.0 m), (40.0 m, 30.0 m), and (70.0 m, 60.0 m), all measured relative to some origin, as shown in Figure P1.69. His ships log instructs you to start at tree A and move toward tree B, but to cover only one-half the distance between A and B. Then move toward tree C, covering one-third the distance between your current location and C. Next move toward tree D, covering one-fourth the distance between where you are and D. Finally move toward tree E, covering one-fifth the distance between you and E, stop, and dig. (a) Assume you have correctly determined the order in which the pirate labeled the trees as A, B, C, D, and E as shown in the figure. What are the coordinates of the point where his treasure is buried? (b) What If? What if you do not really know the way the pirate labeled the trees? What would happen to the answer if you rearranged the order of the trees, for instance, to B (30 m, 20 m), A (60 m, 80 m), E (10 m, 10 m), C (40 m, 30 m), and D (70 m, 60 m)? State reasoning to show that the answer does not depend on the order in which the trees are labeled. Figure 1.69arrow_forwardA surveyor measures the distance across a straight river by the following method: starting directly across from a tree on the opposite bank, he walks x = 1.00 102 m along the riverbank to establish a baseline. Then he sights across to the tree. The angle from his baseline lo the tree is = 35.0 (Fig. P1.53). How wide is the river? Figure P1.53arrow_forwardA surveyor measures the distance across a straight river by the following method: starting directly across from a tree on the opposite bank, he walks x = 1.00 102 m along the riverbank to establish a baseline. Then he sights across to the tree. The angle from his baseline lo the tree is = 35.0 (Fig. P1.53). How wide is the river? Figure P1.53arrow_forward
- Figure 1.19 shows two vectors lying in the xy-plane. Determine the signs of the x- and y-components of A, B, and A+B.arrow_forwardA surveyor measures the distance across a straight river by the following method (Fig. P3.7). Starting directly across from a tree on the opposite bank, she walks d = 100 m along the riverbank to establish a baseline. Then she sights across to the tree. The angle from her baseline to the tree is = 35.0. How wide is the river?arrow_forwardThe displacement vectors 42.0 cm at 15.0 and 23.0 cm at 65.0 both start from the origin and form two sides of a parallelogram. Both angles are measured counterclockwise from the x axis. (a) Find the area of the parallelogram. (b) Find the length of its longer diagonal.arrow_forward
- Figure P1.6 shows a frustum of a cone. Match each of the three expressions (a) (r1 + r2)[h2 + (r2 r1)2]1/2, (b) 2(r1 + r2), and (c) h(r12 + r1r2 + r22)/3 with the quantity it describes: (d) the total circumference of the flat circular faces, (e) the volume, or (f) the area of the curved surface. Figure P1.6arrow_forwardMath Review Given the equations 507 = 147 Vf cos and 377 = 147 Vf sin , find (a) Vf by using the identity cos2 + sin2 = 1, and (b) by using the inverse tangent function. (Note: Some may consider it easier finding the angle first, and then Vf by back substitution.) (See Section 6.4.)arrow_forwardVector A has x and y components of 8.70 cm and 15.0 cm, respectively; vector B has x and y components of 13.2 cm and 6.60 cm, respectively. If AB+3C=0, what are the components of C?arrow_forward
- A surveyor measures the distance across a straight river by the following method: Starting directly across from a tree on the opposite bank, he walks x = 102 m along the riverbank to establish a baseline. Then he sights across to the tree. The angle from his baseline to the tree is ? = 29.2°. How wide is the river?arrow_forwardA traditional unit of length in Japan is the ken (1 ken 1.97 m).What are the ratios of (a) square kens to square meters and (b) cubic kens to cubic meters? What is the volume of a cylindrical water tank of height 5.50 kens and radius 3.00 kens in (c) cubic kens and (d) cubic meters?arrow_forwardGiven vector A = <16, 12, -16> and vector B = <21, 24, -21> , what is the component magnitude of vector B in the direction of vector A? Given vector A = <23, -3, 3> and vector B = <0, 18, 15> , what is the magnitude of A x B? (Compute up to 4 decimal places)arrow_forward
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