Principles of Heat Transfer (Activate Learning with these NEW titles from Engineering!)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781305387102
Author: Kreith, Frank; Manglik, Raj M.
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 1, Problem 1.76P
Explain a fundamental characteristic that differentiates conduction from convection and radiation.
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BRIEFLY EXPLAIN CONDUCTION, CONVECTION AND RADIATION. GIVE EXAMPLES/SITUATIONS
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Chapter 1 Solutions
Principles of Heat Transfer (Activate Learning with these NEW titles from Engineering!)
Ch. 1 - 1.1 On a cold winter day, the outer surface of a...Ch. 1 - 1.2 The weight of the insulation in a spacecraft...Ch. 1 - 1.3 A furnace wall is to be constructed of brick...Ch. 1 - 1.4 To measure thermal conductivity, two similar...Ch. 1 - To determine the thermal conductivity of a...Ch. 1 - A square silicon chip 7mm7mm in size and 0.5-mm...Ch. 1 - A cooling system is to be designed for a food...Ch. 1 - 1.80 Describe and compare the modes of heat loss...Ch. 1 - Heat is transferred at a rate of 0.1 kW through...Ch. 1 - 1.10 A heat flux meter at the outer (cold) wall of...
Ch. 1 - 1.11 Calculate the heat loss through a glass...Ch. 1 - 1.12 A wall with a thickness is made of a...Ch. 1 - 1.13 If the outer air temperature in Problem is...Ch. 1 - Using Table 1.4 as a guide, prepare a similar...Ch. 1 - 1.15 A thermocouple (0.8-mm-diameter wire) used to...Ch. 1 - Water at a temperature of 77C is to be evaporated...Ch. 1 - The heat transfer rate from hot air by convection...Ch. 1 - The heat transfer coefficient for a gas flowing...Ch. 1 - 1.19 A cryogenic fluid is stored in a...Ch. 1 - A high-speed computer is located in a...Ch. 1 - 1.21 In an experimental set up in a laboratory, a...Ch. 1 - 1.22 In order to prevent frostbite to skiers on...Ch. 1 - Using the information in Problem 1.22, estimate...Ch. 1 - Two large parallel plates with surface conditions...Ch. 1 - 1.25 A spherical vessel, 0.3 m in diameter, is...Ch. 1 - 1.26 Repeat Problem 1.25 but assume that the...Ch. 1 - Determine the rate of radiant heat emission in...Ch. 1 - 1.28 The sun has a radius of and approximates a...Ch. 1 - 1.29 A spherical interplanetary probe with a 30-cm...Ch. 1 - A spherical communications satellite, 2 m in...Ch. 1 - A long wire 0.7 mm in diameter with an emissivity...Ch. 1 - Wearing layers of clothing in cold weather is...Ch. 1 - A section of a composite wall with the dimensions...Ch. 1 - A section of a composite wall with the dimensions...Ch. 1 - Repeat Problem 1.35 but assume that instead of...Ch. 1 - 1.37 Mild steel nails were driven through a solid...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.38PCh. 1 - 1.39 On a cold winter day, the outside wall of a...Ch. 1 - As a designer working for a major electric...Ch. 1 - 1.41 A heat exchanger wall consists of a copper...Ch. 1 - 1.43 A simple solar heater consists of a flat...Ch. 1 - A composite refrigerator wall is composed of 5 cm...Ch. 1 - An electronic device that internally generates 600...Ch. 1 - 1.47 A flat roof is modeled as a flat plate...Ch. 1 - A horizontal, 3-mm-thick flat-copper plate, 1-m...Ch. 1 - 1.49 A small oven with a surface area of is...Ch. 1 - A steam pipe 200 mm in diameter passes through a...Ch. 1 - 1.51 The inner wall of a rocket motor combustion...Ch. 1 - 1.52 A flat roof of a house absorbs a solar...Ch. 1 - Determine the power requirement of a soldering...Ch. 1 - 1.54 The soldering iron tip in Problem 1.53...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.55PCh. 1 - A pipe carrying superheated steam in a basement at...Ch. 1 - Draw the thermal circuit for heat transfer through...Ch. 1 - 1.60 Two electric resistance heaters with a 20 cm...Ch. 1 - 1.63 Liquid oxygen (LOX) for the space shuttle is...Ch. 1 - The interior wall of a large, commercial walk-in...Ch. 1 - 1.67 In beauty salons and in homes, a ubiquitous...Ch. 1 - The heat transfer coefficient between a surface...Ch. 1 - The thermal conductivity of fibreglass insulation...Ch. 1 - 1.71 The thermal conductivity of silver at 212°F...Ch. 1 - 1.72 An ice chest (see sketch) is to constructed...Ch. 1 - Estimate the R-values for a 5-cm-thick fiberglass...Ch. 1 - A manufacturer in the United States wants to sell...Ch. 1 - Referring to Problem 1.74, how many kilograms of...Ch. 1 - 1.76 Explain a fundamental characteristic that...Ch. 1 - 1.77 Explain each in your own words. (a) What is...Ch. 1 - What are the important modes of heat transfer for...Ch. 1 - 1.79 Consider the cooling of (a) a personal...Ch. 1 - Describe and compare the modes of heat loss...Ch. 1 - A person wearing a heavy parka is standing in a...Ch. 1 - Discuss the modes of heat transfer that determine...
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- 1.1 On a cold winter day, the outer surface of a 0.2-m-thick concrete wall of a warehouse is exposed to temperature of –5°C, while the inner surface is kept at 20°C. The thermal conductivity of the concrete is 1.2 W/m K. Determine the heat loss through the wall, which is 10-m long and 3-m high. Problem 1.1arrow_forwardUsing Table 1.4 as a guide, prepare a similar table showing the orders of magnitude of the thermal resistances of a unit area for convection between a surface and various fluids.arrow_forward2.3 The shield of a nuclear reactor is idealized by a large 25-cm-thick flat plate having a thermal conductivity of . Radiation from the interior of the reactor penetrates the shield and there produces heat generation that decreases exponentially from a value of at the inner surface to a value of at a distance of 12.5 cm from the interior surface. If the exterior surface is kept at 38°C by forced convection, determine the temperature at the inner surface of the field. Hint: First set up the differential equation for a system in which the heat generation rate varies according to .arrow_forward
- Determine the power requirement of a soldering iron in which the tip is maintained at 400C. The tip is a cylinder 3 mm in diameter and 10 mm long. The surrounding air temperature is 20C, and the average convection heat transfer coefficient over the tip is 20W/m2K. The tip is highly polished initially, giving it a very low emittance.arrow_forwardOne end of a 0.3-m-long steel rod is connected to a wall at 204C. The other end is connected to a wall that is maintained at 93C. Air is blown across the rod so that a heat transfer coefficient of 17W/m2 K is maintained over the entire surface. If the diameter of the rod is 5 cm and the temperature of the air is 38C, what is the net rate of heat loss to the air?arrow_forward1.11 Calculate the heat loss through a glass window 7-mm thick if the inner surface temperature is 20°C and the outer surface temperature is 17°C. Comment on the possible effect of radiation on your answer.arrow_forward
- 1.4 To measure thermal conductivity, two similar 1-cm-thick specimens are placed in the apparatus shown in the accompanying sketch. Electric current is supplied to the guard heater, and a wattmeter shows that the power dissipation is 10 W. Thermocouples attached to the warmer and to the cooler surfaces show temperatures of 322 and 300 K, respectively. Calculate the thermal conductivity of the material at the mean temperature in W/m K. Problem 1.4arrow_forward2.45 Heat is transferred from water to air through a brass wall . The addition of rectangular brass fins, 0.08 cm thick and 2.5 cm long, spaced 1.25 cm apart, is contemplated. Assuming a water-side heat transfer coefficient of and an airside heat transfer coefficient of , compare the gain in heat transfer rate achieved by adding fins to (a) the water side, (b) the air side, and (c) both sides. (Neglect temperature drop through the wall.)arrow_forward1.10 A heat flux meter at the outer (cold) wall of a concrete building indicates that the heat loss through a wall of 10-cm thickness is . If a thermocouple at the inner surface of the wall indicates a temperature of 22°C while another at the outer surface shows 6°C, calculate the thermal conductivity of the concrete and compare your result with the value in Appendix 2, Table 11.arrow_forward
- A high-speed computer is located in a temperature-controlled room at 26C. When the machine is operating, its internal heat generation rate is estimated to be 800 W. The external surface temperature of the computer is to be maintained below 85C. The heat transfer coefficient for the surface of the computer is estimated to be 10W/m2K. What surface area would be necessary to assure safe operation of this machine? Comment on ways to reduce this area.arrow_forwardA person wearing a heavy parka is standing in a cold wind. Describe the modes of heat transfer determining heart loss from the person's body.arrow_forwardDiscuss and Illustrate the 3 modes of heat transfer.arrow_forward
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