Interpretation:
The fate of the world if the hydrogen bonding becomes very weak and the boiling point of water falls to
Concept Introduction:
One of the important intermolecular forces present in the polar molecules is the hydrogen bonding force. Hydrogen bonding is observed for molecules having hydrogen atom covalently bonded to a more electronegative atom such as nitrogen or oxygen or fluorine and another molecule having an unshared pair of electron on nitrogen or oxygen or fluorine atom. Hydrogen bonding is stronger than the London dispersion force and the dipole-dipole force.
The boiling point of a liquid is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of that liquid becomes equal to the surrounding pressure. At the boiling point, the liquid changes its state to vapor. The boiling point of a substance depends on the intermolecular forces present in the liquid state of that substance. The stronger the intermolecular forces, the higher is the boiling point of the liquid.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 10 Solutions
Introduction To Chemistry
- The compounds ethanol (C2H5OH) and dimethyl ether (CH3OCH3) have the same molecular formula. Which is expected to have the higher surface tension? Why?arrow_forwardArrange the following substances in order of increasing strength of crystal forces: CO2, KCl, H2O, N2, CaO.arrow_forward8.41 What is the specific feature of N, O, and F that causes them to play a role in hydrogen bonding?arrow_forward
- Silane SiH4, phosphine (PH3), and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) melt at 185 C, 133 C, and 85 C, respectively. What does this suggest about the polar character and intermolecular attractions of the three compounds?arrow_forwardExplain why liquids assume the shape of any container into which they are poured, whereas solids are rigid and retain their shape.arrow_forwardWhat is the relationship between the structures of buckminsterfullerene and carbon nanotubes?arrow_forward
- Predict which liquid—glycerol, HOCH2CH(OH)CH2OH, or hexane, C6H14—has the greater surface tension. Explain your prediction.arrow_forwardWhich of the following compounds would be expected to form intermolecular hydrogen bonds in the liquid state? (a) H2Se (b) HCO2H (formic acid) (c) HI (d) acetone, (CH3)2COarrow_forwardPotassium chloride has the same unit cell as NaCl. Using the ion sizes in Figure 7.11, calculate the density of KCl. FIGURE 7.11 Relative sizes of some common ions. Rodii are given in picometers (1 pm 1 1012 m). (Data taken from J. Emsley, The Elements, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1998, 3rd edition.)arrow_forward
- Arrange the following substances in order of increasing strength of the crystal forces: He, NH3, NO2, NaBr, BaO. Identify the kinds of forces that are most important in holding the particles together in a crystalline solid sample of each of the following substances. (a) H2O (b) C6H6 (c) CaCl2 (d) SiO2 (e) Fearrow_forwardDescribe, in general, the structures of ionic solids. Compare and contrast the structure of sodium chloride and zinc sulfide. How many tetrahedral holes and octahedral holes are there per closest packed anion? In zinc sulfide, why are only one-half of the tetrahedral holes filled with cations?arrow_forwardDescribe, in general, the structures of ionic solids. Compare and contrast the structure of sodium chloride and zinc sulphide. How many tetrahedral holes and octahedral holes are there per closest packed anion? In zinc sulphide, why are only one-half of the tetrahedral holes filled with cations?arrow_forward
- Chemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781133949640Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781337399074Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: Principles and PracticeChemistryISBN:9780534420123Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward MercerPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Chemistry: An Atoms First ApproachChemistryISBN:9781305079243Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. ZumdahlPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry for Engineering StudentsChemistryISBN:9781285199023Author:Lawrence S. Brown, Tom HolmePublisher:Cengage Learning