Concept explainers
Which of the following best represents the central dogma of gene expression?
- During transcription, DNA codes for polypeptides.
- During transcription, DNA codes for mRNA, which codes for polypeptides during translation.
- During translation, DNA codes for mRNA, which codes for polypeptides during transcription.
- None of the above are correct.
Introduction:
The central dogma is a theory of molecular biology. It describes the process of gene expression in the living organism, which suggests that gene expression takes place in two steps, transcription and translation.
Answer to Problem 1TY
Option (b).
Explanation of Solution
Explanation for correct answer:
Option (b) During transcription, the DNA codes for mRNA and the mRNA codes for polypeptide in translation. According to the central dogma of molecular biology, the flow of genetic information is from DNA(RNA(Polypeptide. The DNA codes for the formation of mRNA in the process called transcription. The mRNA codes for polypeptide in the process is known as translation.
Explanation for the incorrect answer:
Option (a) During translation, DNA codes for the polypeptide. The translation is a process, in which mRNA codes for the polypeptide. Hence, it is an incorrect answer.
Option (c) During translation, DNA codes for mRNA and the mRNA codes for polypeptide during translation. According to central dogma, transcription is the process, in which DNA codes mRNA and translation is the process, in which mRNA codes for the polypeptide. Hence, it is not the correct answer.
Option (d) none of the above are correct. The correct answer is option (b), hence, it is an incorrect option.
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Chapter 10 Solutions
PRINCIPLES OF BIOLOGY W/CONNECT
- Which of the following is a method through which cells can control their gene expression? Increase a gene's stability using post-translational modifications Epigenetic modifications of the DNA or histones to regulate DNA avilability phosphorylation of thymidines formation of crosslinks between the DNA strands and the histonesarrow_forwardChoose the option that goes with the blank. The parentheses after the blank are the choices. In gene expression, a gene is _________ (translated, transcribed) into mRNA, which is then _________ (translated, transcribed) into a protein.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is NOT a mechanism of control of gene expression Group of answer choices a. Co-dominance b. mRNA transport c. DNA Methylation d. Control of translation e. Control of transcriptionarrow_forward
- Which of the following is true only for eukaryotic gene expression? mRNA is synthesized in the 3' ---> 5' direction. Translation of mRNA routinely begins before transcription is complete. The mRNA transcript is the exact complement of the gene from which it was copied. After transcription, a 3' poly-A tail and a 5' cap are added to mRNA. RNA polymerase binds to the promoter region to begin transcription.arrow_forwardWhich of the following best explains how the prokaryotic expression of a metabolic protein can be regulated when the protein is already present at a high concentration? a.Repressor proteins can be activated and bind to regulatory sequences to block transcription. b.Regulatory proteins can be inactivated to increase gene expression. c.Transcription factors can bind to regulatory sequences to increase RNA polymerase binding. d.Histone modification can prevent transcription of the gene.arrow_forwardWhat level of control of gene expression is defined as regulating whether a particular mRNA is actually used in proteins synthesis and if so for how long a period of time transcriptional leve control translational leve control processing level control replication level control denaturation level controlarrow_forward
- Which of the following statements is correct about eukaryotic gene expression?a. mRNAs must have introns spliced out.b. mRNAs contain the transcript of only one gene.c. Enhancers act from a distance.d. All of the abovearrow_forwardWhy is the control of gene expression important for cells? Choose one: It ensures the accurate replication of DNA. It prevents mutations from occurring during transcription and translation. • It regulates the synthesis of proteins necessary for cellular functions.arrow_forwardWhich of the following processes regulates the maturation of mRNA from hnRNA (in the control of gene expression in humans and other eukaryotes)? translation of polypeptides self-replication of DNA processing of RNA transcription of RNA self-replication of RNAarrow_forward
- Which of the following is TRUE about eukaryotic gene expression? The same regulatory proteins are present in every cell of the body. Every cell in the body expresses different genes. Every cell in the body expresses the same genes. The same regulatory sequences are present in every cell of the body.arrow_forwardThe most common type of regulation of gene expression occurs at the level of transcription. Name other types of gene regulation for gene expression in eukaryotic cells. Name types of gene regulation unique to eukaryotic cells versus prokaryotic cells.arrow_forwardWhich level of control of genes expression is defined as determining if a particular gene can give rise to mRNA and if so how often transcriptional leve control translational leve control processing level control replication level control denaturation level controlarrow_forward
- Concepts of BiologyBiologyISBN:9781938168116Author:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James WisePublisher:OpenStax College