LL A&P:AN INTEGRATIVE APPROACH
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781260814507
Author: McKinley
Publisher: MCG
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Textbook Question
Chapter 10, Problem 2CSL
Describe the effect of the botulinum toxin, which inhibits the release of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction. Would the poison curare, which competes for acetylcholine receptors have a similar effect? Explain
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Describe the effect of the botulinum toxin, which inhibits the release of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction. Would the poison curare, which competes for acetylcholine receptors (by attaching to the acetylcholine receptors and preventing acetylcholine from binding) have a similar effect? Explain
What could happen if you block the binding of acetylcholine to its receptors at the neuromuscular junction?
hen an action potential arrives at the nerve terminal of a neuromuscular junction, which of the following statements best describes the events that occur?
Depolarisation of the nerve terminal causes the release of ACh which activates nicotinic receptors on the skeletal muscle membrane to cause Ca2+ entry and muscle contraction.
Depolarisation of the nerve terminal opens voltage-gated Ca2+ channels, Ca2+ entry brings vesicles containing ACh to the membrane which form fusion pores causing the release of ACh which activates voltage-gated Na+ channels at the end-plate.
Depolarisation of the nerve terminal opens voltage-gated Ca2+ channels, Ca2+ entry brings vesicles containing ACh to the membrane which form fusion pores causing the release of ACh which binds to muscarinic receptors at the end plate.
Depolarisation of the nerve terminal opens voltage-gated Ca2+ channels, Ca2+ entry brings vesicles containing ACh to the membrane which form fusion pores…
Chapter 10 Solutions
LL A&P:AN INTEGRATIVE APPROACH
Ch. 10.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 10.1 - What are the five major functions of skeletal...Ch. 10.1 - Prob. 2LOCh. 10.1 - Explain the skeletal muscle characteristics of...Ch. 10.2 - Prob. 3LOCh. 10.2 - Prob. 4LOCh. 10.2 - Prob. 5LOCh. 10.2 - Prob. 1WDTCh. 10.2 - Identify the location and function of these...Ch. 10.2 - Prob. 6LO
Ch. 10.2 - Prob. 7LOCh. 10.2 - LEARNING OBJECTIVES
8. Distinguish between thick...Ch. 10.2 - Prob. 9LOCh. 10.2 - Prob. 10LOCh. 10.2 - Prob. 2WDTCh. 10.2 - Draw and label a diagram of a sarcomere.Ch. 10.2 - Prob. 5WDLCh. 10.2 - Prob. 11LOCh. 10.2 - Prob. 12LOCh. 10.2 - Prob. 6WDLCh. 10.2 - Diagram and label the anatomic structures of a...Ch. 10.2 - Prob. 13LOCh. 10.2 - Prob. 8WDLCh. 10.3 - Prob. 14LOCh. 10.3 - What triggers the binding of synaptic vesicles to...Ch. 10.3 - Prob. 15LOCh. 10.3 - What two events are linked in the physiologic...Ch. 10.3 - Prob. 11WDLCh. 10.3 - Prob. 16LOCh. 10.3 - Prob. 3WDTCh. 10.3 - Prob. 12WDLCh. 10.3 - Describe the four processes that repeat in...Ch. 10.3 - What causes the release of the myosin head from...Ch. 10.3 - LEARNING OBJECTIVES
17. Discuss what happens to...Ch. 10.3 - Prob. 18LOCh. 10.3 - How do acetylcholinesterase and Ca2+ pumps...Ch. 10.4 - LEARNING OBJECTIVES
19. Describe how ATP is made...Ch. 10.4 - Prob. 20LOCh. 10.4 - Prob. 4WDTCh. 10.4 - Prob. 16WDLCh. 10.4 - What are the various means for making ATP...Ch. 10.4 - Prob. 21LOCh. 10.4 - Prob. 18WDLCh. 10.5 - Prob. 22LOCh. 10.5 - Prob. 19WDLCh. 10.5 - Prob. 23LOCh. 10.5 - Prob. 20WDLCh. 10.5 - Prob. 24LOCh. 10.5 - Prob. 21WDLCh. 10.6 - LEARNING OBJECTIVE
25. Describe what occurs in a...Ch. 10.6 - Prob. 5WDTCh. 10.6 - What events are occurring in a muscle that produce...Ch. 10.6 - Prob. 26LOCh. 10.6 - What is recruitment? Explain its importance in the...Ch. 10.6 - Prob. 27LOCh. 10.6 - Prob. 24WDLCh. 10.7 - Prob. 28LOCh. 10.7 - What is the function of skeletal muscle tone?Ch. 10.7 - LEARNING OBJECTIVE
29. Distinguish between...Ch. 10.7 - When you flex your biceps brachii while doing...Ch. 10.7 - LEARNING OBJECTIVE
30. Explain the length-tension...Ch. 10.7 - Prob. 27WDLCh. 10.7 - Prob. 31LOCh. 10.7 - How can muscle fatigue result from changes in each...Ch. 10.8 - LEARNING OBJECTIVE
32. Compare and contrast the...Ch. 10.8 - Prob. 29WDLCh. 10.8 - Prob. 33LOCh. 10.8 - Prob. 30WDLCh. 10.9 - Prob. 34LOCh. 10.9 - What are three anatomic or physiologic differences...Ch. 10.10 - Prob. 35LOCh. 10.10 - Prob. 32WDLCh. 10.10 - LEARNING OBJECTIVE
36. Compare the microscopic...Ch. 10.10 - Prob. 33WDLCh. 10.10 - Prob. 34WDLCh. 10.10 - Prob. 37LOCh. 10.10 - What are the steps of smooth muscle contraction?Ch. 10.10 - What unique characteristics of smooth muscle allow...Ch. 10.10 - Prob. 38LOCh. 10.10 - Prob. 37WDLCh. 10.10 - Prob. 38WDLCh. 10.10 - Prob. 39LOCh. 10.10 - LEARNING OBJECTIVES
40. Compare the location and...Ch. 10.10 - Prob. 39WDLCh. 10 - Prob. 1DYBCh. 10 - The physiologic event that takes place at the...Ch. 10 - In a skeletal muscle fiber, Ca2+ is released from...Ch. 10 - The bundle of dense regular connective tissue that...Ch. 10 - In excitation-contraction coupling, the transverse...Ch. 10 - During muscle contraction, the I band a. hides the...Ch. 10 - During a concentric contraction of a muscle fiber,...Ch. 10 - What event causes a troponin-tropomyosin complex...Ch. 10 - In sustained, moderate exercise, skeletal muscle...Ch. 10 - Skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle are similar in...Ch. 10 - Explain the structural relationship between a...Ch. 10 - Prob. 12DYBCh. 10 - Prob. 13DYBCh. 10 - Put the following skeletal muscle contraction...Ch. 10 - Explain the various means of providing ATP for...Ch. 10 - Explain why athletes who excel at short sprints...Ch. 10 - Explain why skeletal muscle generates the most...Ch. 10 - Prob. 18DYBCh. 10 - Describe the response of smooth muscle to...Ch. 10 - Prob. 20DYBCh. 10 - Prob. 1CALCh. 10 - One of the primary reasons that one individual is...Ch. 10 - Prob. 3CALCh. 10 - Rigor mortis occurs following death because a....Ch. 10 - Prob. 5CALCh. 10 - Prob. 1CSLCh. 10 - Describe the effect of the botulinum toxin, which...Ch. 10 - Smooth muscle is within the urinary bladder wall....
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- When curare, a neuromuscular poison, is dropped onto an isolated muscle-nerve preparation in a laboratory, the muscle does not contract when the nerve is stimulated, even though neurotransmitter is released from the nerve cell. Why does this happen? How might this action of curare be lethal to an individual who has been poisoned?arrow_forwardIn the rare neuromuscular disorder Myasthenia Gravis, autoantibodies are produced which inhibit acetylcholine receptor (nicotinic receptor) activity. Explain how inhibition of acetylcholine receptor activity at the neuromuscular junction will affect the sequence of events in muscular excitation and contraction in response to stimuli, and muscle function? (Mention the effects on all the significant events involved in excitation and contraction of muscles, and how it would affect muscle function).arrow_forwardGive an account of signalling at a neuromuscular junction through the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor.arrow_forward
- If a patient was bitten by a poisonous spider (black widow) and the effects of its venom occurred at the neuromuscular junction in the peripheral nervous system, what neurotransmitter would be affected by this venom? And explain the mechanism of action of how the venom is a direct antagonist to this neurotransmitter.arrow_forwardSuppose a substance were to prevent calcium ions from being returned to the sarcoplasmic reticulum in a skeletal muscle cell. Predict how a muscle cell would respond to being exposed to the supposed compound after a single stimulus by the motor neuronarrow_forwarddraw a figure showing the differant between nictonic and muscarnic receptors in skeletal musclearrow_forward
- Muscle twitching can be explained by the_________ action of synapse. A. Cell signalling B. Temporal Summation C. Spatial Summation D. All for nothing responsearrow_forwardWhen the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) binds the acetylcholine receptor (a GPCR) on muscle cells, it causes them to contract. ZIGGY, a chemical analog of ACh, also binds to the same acetylcholine receptor on muscle cells, but instead causes the muscle cells to relax. For this reason, it is sometimes prescribed as a muscle relaxer. Explain in 3-4 sentences how ZIGGY could cause muscle relaxation. How can both ZIGGY and ACh bind the same GPCR? And then how can they have different effects on the cells, despite binding to the same receptor on the same cells?arrow_forwardATPase is an enzyme that can hydrolyse ATP and release the potential energy stored in the phosphate bond. How would a metabolic inhibitor that blocks ATPase function affect the resting potential of nerve cells?arrow_forward
- When an action potential arrives at the neuromuscular junction, acetylcholine is released into the synaptic cleft and binds to receptors in the postsynaptic membrane. Which of the following represents the correct order of the next series of events? A. An action potential travels down the T tubules, depolarization spreads through the T tubules, Ca2+ is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, and myosin binds to actin. B. Ca2+ is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, an action potential travels down the T tubules, depolarization spreads through the T tubules, and myosin binds to actin. C. An action potential travels down the T tubules, depolarization spreads through the T tubules, Ca2+ is taken up by the sarcoplasmic reticulum, and myosin binds to actin. D. T tubules are depolarized, Ca2+ is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, an action potential is created in the muscle cell, and myosin bonds to actin. E. An action potential travels…arrow_forwardIn muscles, acetylcholine is released by the _________________________and opens specific channels that allow the ion ______ to depolarize the membrane. motor neuron, sodium motor neuron, potassium muscle fibril, sodium muscle fibril, potassiumarrow_forwardA patient has been exposed to the organophosphate pesticide malathion,which inactivates acetylcholinesterase. Which of the following symptoms would you predict: blurring of vision, excess tear formation, frequent or involuntary urination, pallor (pale skin), muscle twitching, orcramps? Would atropine be an effective drug to treat the symptoms?(See Clinical Impact 16.2 for the action of atropine.) Explain.arrow_forward
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