EBK FOUNDATIONS OF ASTRONOMY
14th Edition
ISBN: 8220106820612
Author: Backman
Publisher: YUZU
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Chapter 10, Problem 2P
To determine
The wavelength at which maximum intensity is emitted at
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A) A typical dust grain has a radius of about 0.1 micrometers and a mass of 10-14 grams. Roughly how many dust particles are in a cloud containing 1000 Msun of dusty gas if 1% of the cloud's mass is in the form of dust grains?
B) What surface area would be covered by these grains if you put them side by side? Assume these grains are spherical. Answer in square light-years.
C) Estimate the total surface area covered by the cloud assuming it's matter density is like that of a typical molecular cloud, about 10-21 g/cm3 (Hint: first calculate the clouds volume from it's mass and density, then determine its radius using the formula for volume of a sphere) Answer in square light-years.
D) Comparing all above answers, What are the chances (very roughly) that a photon passing through the cloud will hit a dust grain?
If the hottest star in the Carina Nebula has a surface temperature of 51,000 K, at what wavelength (in nm) does it radiate the most energy?
Hint: Use Wien's law:
?max =
2.90 ✕ 106 nm · K
T
How does that compare with 91.2 nm, the wavelength of photons with just enough energy to ionize hydrogen?
-The wavelength calculated above is shorter than 91.2 nm. Photons at this calculated wavelength will have more than enough energy to ionize hydrogen.
-The wavelength calculated above is longer than 91.2 nm. Photons at this calculated wavelength will have more than enough energy to ionize hydrogen.
-The wavelength calculated above is shorter than 91.2 nm. Photons at this calculated wavelength will not have enough energy to ionize hydrogen.
-The wavelength calculated above is longer than 91.2 nm. Photons at this calculated wavelength will not have enough energy to ionize hydrogen.
What factors resist the contraction of a cloud of interstellar matter?
Chapter 10 Solutions
EBK FOUNDATIONS OF ASTRONOMY
Ch. 10 - Prob. 1RQCh. 10 - Prob. 2RQCh. 10 - Prob. 3RQCh. 10 - Prob. 4RQCh. 10 - Prob. 5RQCh. 10 - Prob. 6RQCh. 10 - Prob. 7RQCh. 10 - Prob. 8RQCh. 10 - Prob. 9RQCh. 10 - Prob. 10RQ
Ch. 10 - Prob. 11RQCh. 10 - Prob. 12RQCh. 10 - Prob. 13RQCh. 10 - Why is the ISM transparent at near-infrared and...Ch. 10 - Prob. 15RQCh. 10 - Prob. 16RQCh. 10 - Prob. 17RQCh. 10 - Prob. 18RQCh. 10 - Prob. 19RQCh. 10 - Prob. 20RQCh. 10 - Prob. 21RQCh. 10 - Name two processes (or objects) that remove...Ch. 10 - Prob. 23RQCh. 10 - Prob. 24RQCh. 10 - Prob. 25RQCh. 10 - Prob. 1PCh. 10 - Prob. 2PCh. 10 - Prob. 3PCh. 10 - Prob. 4PCh. 10 - The number density of air in a childs balloon is...Ch. 10 - Calculate the frequency in megahertz (MHz) of the...Ch. 10 - Prob. 7PCh. 10 - Prob. 8PCh. 10 - Prob. 9PCh. 10 - Prob. 10PCh. 10 - Prob. 1SOPCh. 10 - Prob. 2SOPCh. 10 - Prob. 1LTLCh. 10 - Prob. 2LTLCh. 10 - Prob. 3LTLCh. 10 - Prob. 4LTLCh. 10 - Prob. 5LTL
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Consider a grain of sand that contains 1 mg of oxygen (a typical amount for a medium-sized sand grain, since sand is mostly SiO2). How many oxygen atoms does the grain contain? What is the radius of the sphere you would have to spread them out over if you wanted them to have the same density as the interstellar medium, about 1 atom per cm3? You can look up the mass of an oxygen atom.arrow_forwardDuring free-fall collapse, what keeps the collapsing clouds internal temperature from increasing?arrow_forwardIf a protostellar disk is 200 AU in radius and the disk plus the forming star together contain 2 solar masses, what is the orbital speed at the outer edge of the disk in kilometers per second? (Hint: Use the formula for circular velocity, Eq. 5-1a. Remember that the formula requires units of kg, m, and s.) (Notes: 1 AU = 1.5 1011 m; the mass of the Sun can be found in the Chapter 8 Celestial Profile: The Sun.)arrow_forward
- The dust in a molecular cloud has a temperature of about 34 K. At what wavelength (in nm) does it emit the maximum intensity?arrow_forwardWhat temperature would interstellar dust have to have to radiate most strongly at 100 micro meter?arrow_forwardIf our Sun were surrounded by a cloud of gas, would this cloud be an emission nebula? Why or why not?arrow_forward
- The Stefan-Boltzmann equation can be used to estimate the size of asteroids. "Sigma," the Stefan-Boltzmann constant, is 5.67 x 10 Watts/m²K. If you want to abbreviate Plus 1.1415 You measure the infrared emission from an asteroid and conclude that it has a temperature of 249 K. Using rader you find the distance, and are then able to use your infrared brightness to determine a luminosity of 7.21E+12 Watts. If you assume the asteroid is roughly spherical, what is its radius in meters? CHECK ANSWERarrow_forwardWhat evidence can you cite that the interstellar medium contains both gas and dust? (Select all that apply.) (1)The dust of the interstellar medium can be detected from the emission lines of elements heavier than iron. (2)The dust of the interstellar medium can be detected by the extinction of light from distant stars. (3)The dust of the interstellar medium can be detected by the scattering of blue light from distant or embedded objects. (4)The gas of the interstellar medium can be detected from the radiation of ultraviolet photons. (5)The gas of the interstellar medium can be detected from the radiation of photons of wavelength 21 cm. (6)The gas of the interstellar medium can be detected from the absorption lines present in the light from distant stars, which must be caused by a medium of a density and temperature other than that of the stars emitting the light.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is/are true regarding a nebula? Which of the following statements is/are true regarding a nebula? It is believed that each planet in our solar system began as its own nebula. Over time, a nebula becomes cooler and grows in size. The density of a nebula is greatest at the edges and least in the center. There are no nebulas left in our galaxy because they have all formed stars and planets. Over time, a star will form at the center of a nebula.arrow_forward
- At the average density of of a star-forming molecular cloud, about 1180 atoms per cm3, determine how large a sphere you would need to encompass mass equal to that of the Sun? Enter the radius of this sphere in light-years. (HINTS: 1180 atoms per cm3 corresponds to a density of 1.97×10-18kg/m^3; the mass of the Sun is 2×1030kg)arrow_forward(a) Rank the following components of the interstellar medium in order of the wavelengths at which they are observed, longest wavelength first: clouds of neutral hydrogen, coronal gas, interstellar dust, nebulae. Longest to Shortest? (b) Rank the same material in order of decreasing temperature from hottest to coolest. Hottest to Coolest?arrow_forwardWhere does interstellar dust come from? How does it form?arrow_forward
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