Concept explainers
To define: Role of proteins and
Introduction:
Proteins are large
Nucleic acids are the biopolymers, or small bimolecular structures, essential for all known forms of life. They are composed of
Explanation of Solution
Proteins are large, complex molecules that play many critical roles in the body. They do most of the work in cells and are required for the structure, function, and regulation of the body’s tissues and organs. About 15% of the cell is made up of proteins. Following are the functions of proteins in cell process:
- All the enzymes present in the cell are protein.
- Basic structure of the cell is made up of proteins.
- Transport of the materials across the cell is done via help of the proteins.
- Protein helps in motion, and storage of the compounds in cell.
- Signaling and receptors molecules are proteins.
- Gene regulation in the cell is done by the help of proteins.
Nucleic acids are made up of the basic elements carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen and phosphorous. Nucleic acids are important because they make up genetic information in living things. There are two types of nucleic acid and they are DNA and RNA. DNA is the basic informative instruction for living things. DNA is found in the nucleus of the cell. It is passed down from the parent to the offspring. RNA is very important for making proteins in a cell. RNA is found floating around in the cytoplasm of a cell. DNA and RNA are made up of nucleotides called adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine and uracil.
Nucleic acids transmit as well as store all the hereditary information of all the species. Proteins help in the transfer of molecules across the cell membrane and regulate the structure and function of the cell.
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