Chapter 10.1, Problem 5MI

Chromosomes and chromosome numbers

Identify three characteristics that are the same in each member of a pair of homologous chromosomes. Name one thing that is different.

Summary Introduction

To identify:

Three characteristics that are same in each pair of homologous chromosomes and one feature that is different

Introduction:

Chromosomes are the structures that contain the genetic material that is passed from generation to generation of cells. DNA double helix is the fundamental unit of heredity. They carry genetic codes to guide our body to perform various functions. These DNA molecules are packed into tightly wound structures called chromosomes which appear as beaded strings under light microscope.

Answer to Problem 5MI

Same	Different
Length Position of centromere Position of genes	Alleles for each trait

Explanation of Solution

Homologous chromosomes are pairs of chromosomes that have the same length, centromere position, pairs together during meiosis and have the same gene sequence. They are similar but not exactly identical. They carry the same genes in the same order but the alleles for each trait may be different on each chromosome. This ensures that the phenotypes are different for the same genes.