Fundamentals of Geotechnical Engineering (MindTap Course List)
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781305635180
Author: Braja M. Das, Nagaratnam Sivakugan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 11, Problem 11.4P
(a)
To determine
Find the primary consolidation settlement of the clay layer.
(b)
To determine
Find the time required for 90% of primary consolidation settlement.
(c)
To determine
Find the temporary surcharge required to eliminate the primary consolidation settlement in 6 months.
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Question-3: A soil profile is shown in Figure 3.1. If a uniformly distributed load, ∆σ, is applied at the ground surface, calculate the settlement of the clay layer caused by primary consolidation, if Cc = 0.27 and Cr = 0.045 and
a. The clay is normally consolidated b. The preconsolidation pressure, σ′c = 190 kN/m2 c. σ′c = 170 kN/m2
A stratum of normally consolidated clay of thickness 10 ft is drained on one side only. It has a hydraulic conductivity of h = 1.863 x 10^-8 in/sec and a coefficient of volume compressibility mv = 8.6 x 10^-4 in2/lb. Determine the ultimate value of the compression of the stratum by assuming a uniformly distributed load of 5250 lb/ft2.
a.3.763"
b.6.982"
c.8.542"
d.5.890"
With Free Body Diagram
For a given consolidated clay: Gs= 2.71; LL= 45; In situ average effective overburden pressure = 120 kPa; In situ void ratio= 0.80 ; Thickness of clay layer = 4m ; average increase of effective stress on clay layer= 40 kPa; Effective pressure at the mid-height of clay layer= 60 kPa; Swell Index (Cs)= 1/5 Cc. Compute the compression index.
a.0.534
b.0.513
c.0.315
d.0.145
With Free Body Diagram
Chapter 11 Solutions
Fundamentals of Geotechnical Engineering (MindTap Course List)
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- A stratum of normally consolidated clay of thickness 10 ft is drained on one side only. It has a hydraulic conductivity of h = 1.863 x 10^-8 in/sec and a coefficient of volume compressibility mv = 8.6 x 10^-4 in2/lb. Determine the ultimate value of the compression of the stratum by assuming a uniformly distributed load of 5250 lb/ft2. a. 6.982" b. 3.763" c. 5.890" d. 8.542"arrow_forwardA 2m clay layer has values of e = 0.92 , Gs = 2.72 and liquid limit of 40%. Above the clay is a 3m thick layer sand with e = 0.50 and Gs = 2.62. The water table is located 1.6 m below the ground surface having a unit weight of 17.3 kN/cu. Meter, determine the following: a. Compression index of clayb. Effective pressure at the midpoint of clayc. Primary settlement for normally consolidated clay.......arrow_forwardFor a given consolidated clay: Gs= 2.71; LL= 45; In situ average effective overburden pressure = 120 kPa; In situ void ratio= 0.80 ; Thickness of clay layer = 4m ; average increase of effective stress on clay layer= 40 kPa; Effective pressure at the mid-height of clay layer= 60 kPa; Swell Index (Cs)= 1/5 Cc. Compute the pre-consolidation pressure in kPa. a. 92.9 b. 49 c. 87.64 d. 100.5arrow_forward
- The soil profile at a site consists of a 3-m thick sand layer (moist unit weight = 16.5 kN/m^3, saturated unit weight = 18.5 kN/m^3) underlain by a 6-m thick clay layer (w = 27%, Gs = 2.70, mv = 0.31 MPa^-1, Cv = 2.6 m^3/year), which is underlain by a gravel layer as shown in the figure. A 3 m compacted fill with a unit weight of 20 kN/m^3 is required to be placed at ground level.a) What would be the final consolidation settlement, in mm rounded to the first decimal place?b) How long will it take for 50 mm consolidation settlement, in months rounded to the first decimal place?c) What would be the consolidation settlement in one year, in mm rounded to nearest whole number?arrow_forwardA 3.75 m thick clay layer (drained on one side) is normally consolidated. When the pressure increase from 50 KN/m2 to 150 KN/m2 , the void ratio decreases from 0.9 to 0.75.For the clay Cv=0.24 cm2/sec.a. Interpret the time in days for the clay layer to reach 50% consolidation. b. Interpret the settlement at that time i.e, at 50% consolidation.arrow_forwardA stratum of normally consolidated clay of thickness 10 ft is drained on one side only. It has a hydraulic conductivity of h = 1.863 x 10^-8 in/sec and a coefficient of volume compressibility mv = 8.6 x 10^-4 in2/lb. Determine the time required for 20% consolidation by assuming a uniformly distributed load of 5250 lb/ft2. a.8.72 days b.157.50 days c.6.982 days d.125.64 daysarrow_forward
- Q : For the soil profile shown in figure .if a uniformly distributed load, 100 KN/m2, is applied at the ground surface, what is the settlement of the ciay layer caused by consolidation if Ao — 100 KN/m? * 2m » 8 e P u Parrow_forwardFor normally consolidated clay layer in the field, the ff. values are given: Thickness of clay layer = 8.5ft, Void Ratio = 0.8; Compression Index = 0.28; Average effective pressure on the clay layer is 2650 lb/ft2; ∆σ = 970 lb/ft2; Secondary Compression index = 0.02. What is the total consolidation settlement of the clay layer five years after the completion of primary consolidation settlement? Time for completion of primary settlement = 1.5 years)arrow_forwardQ#3: For a normally consolidated clay layer in the field, the following values are given. Thickness of clay layer = 2.6 m Compression index = 0.28 Average effective pressure on clay layer 127 KN/m² Secondary compression index = 0.02 Δσ’ = 46.5 KN/m² Void ratio = 0.8 Time of Primary settlement = 1.5 years What is the total consolidation of the clay layer five years after the primary consolidation settlement?arrow_forward
- A soil profile consists of a clay layer of 10 m thick between a permeable sand layer above and an impermeable rock layer below, the water table being in the sand layer. Before the construction of a reservoir raft foundation, piezometers were installed in the clay layer.The whole process of filling the reservoir may be approximated to applying rapidly a single pressure increment of 100 kN/m2 uniformly throughout the clay layer. One year after filling the reservoir, the settlement was 20 cm and the piezometers indicated the distribution of excess pore pressure as shown in the figure below. Estimate the final settlement and the time to complete 90 % of primary consolidation.arrow_forwardFor a given consolidated clay: Gs= 2.71; LL= 45; In situ average effective overburden pressure = 120 kPa; In situ void ratio= 0.80 ; Thickness of clay layer = 4m ; average increase of effective stress on clay layer= 40 kPa; Effective pressure at the mid-height of clay layer= 60 kPa; Swell Index (Cs)= 1/5 Cc. Compute the primary consolidation settlement in mm. a.87.64 b.49 c.92.9 d.100.5arrow_forwardUse unit weight of water = 10kN/m3 in the following questions. A soil profile is shown in Figure Q2(c). If a uniform distributed load of 50 kN/m2 is applied at the ground surface, compute the average settlement of the clay layer caused by primary consolidation if; i)Determine the existing overburden effective stress at mid of clay layer ii) Settlement in clay if, the clay is normally consolidated, given Cc = 0.0085(LL-10) iii) Settlement in clay if, the preconsolidation pressure, pc’=200 kN/m2, given Cr=1/5Cc. Use Cc obtained in part (ii).arrow_forward
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