Chapter 11, Problem 11D.7E

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The formula of $\text{1-chloro-2-hydroxybenzene}$ and the functional group present has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Alcohols:

Organic compounds that contain a hydroxyl group that is covalently bonded to a carbon atom $\text{R-OH}$.  Alcohols are classified into,

1. 1) Primary alcohol: One organic group attached to hydroxyl atom.
2. 2) Secondary alcohol: Two organic groups bonded to hydroxyl atom.
3. 3) Tertiary alcohol: Three organic groups bonded to hydroxyl atom.

The general formula for alcohol is,

Primary alcohol: ${\text{RCH}}_{\text{2}}\text{-OH}$

Secondary alcohol: ${\text{R}}_{\text{2}}\text{CH-OH}$

Tertiary alcohol: ${\text{R}}_{\text{3}}\text{C-OH}$

Phenol:

Organic compounds those in which, a hydroxyl group is attached directly to an aromatic ring is called as phenols.

Answer to Problem 11D.7E

The formula of $\text{1-chloro-2-hydroxybenzene}$ is ${\text{C}}_{\text{6}}{\text{H}}_{\text{5}}\text{ClO}$ and it is a phenol.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of $\text{1-chloro-2-hydroxybenzene}$ is,

One-chlorine substituent is attached to the benzene ring in the first position and the hydroxyl group is attached to the benzene ring in second position.  The formula of $\text{1-chloro-2-hydroxybenzene}$ is ${\text{C}}_{\text{6}}{\text{H}}_{\text{5}}\text{ClO}$ and it is a phenol because the hydroxyl group is directly attached to the aromatic ring.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The formula of $\text{2-methyl-3-pentanol}$ and the functional group present has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

Answer to Problem 11D.7E

The formula of $\text{2-methyl-3-pentanol}$ is ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\text{CH}\left({\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\right)\text{CH}\left(\text{OH}\right){\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\text{.}$ and it is a secondary alcohol.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of $\text{2-methyl-3-pentanol}$ is,

The parent chain is pentane.  A hydroxyl group is present at the carbon third position and one methyl group is present in the carbon second position.  The formula of $\text{2-methyl-3-pentanol}$ is ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\text{CH}\left({\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\right)\text{CH}\left(\text{OH}\right){\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\text{.}$ and it is a secondary alcohol.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The formula of $\text{2,4-dimethyl-1-hexanol}$ and the functional group present has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

Answer to Problem 11D.7E

The formula of $\text{2,4-dimethyl-1-hexanol}$ is ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}\text{CH}\left({\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\right){\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}\text{CH}\left({\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\right){\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}\text{OH}$ and it is a primary alcohol.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of $\text{2,4-dimethyl-1-hexanol}$ is,

The parent chain is hexane.  A hydroxyl group is present at the carbon first position and two methyl groups are present in the carbon second position and fourth position.  The formula of $\text{2,4-dimethyl-1-hexanol}$ is ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}\text{CH}\left({\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\right){\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}\text{CH}\left({\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\right){\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}\text{OH}$ and it is a primary alcohol.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The formula of $\text{2-methyl-2-butanol}$ and the functional group present has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

Answer to Problem 11D.7E

The formula of $\text{2-methyl-2-butanol}$ is ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}\text{C}\left(\text{OH}\right)\left({\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\right){\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\text{.}$ and it is a tertiary alcohol.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of $\text{2-methyl-2-butanol}$ is,

The parent chain is butane.  A hydroxyl group is present at the carbon second position and one methyl group is present in the carbon second position.  The formula of $\text{2-methyl-2-butanol}$ is ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}\text{C}\left(\text{OH}\right)\left({\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\right){\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\text{.}$ and it is a tertiary alcohol.