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Chapter 11 Solutions
WebAssign Printed Access Card for Serway/Vuille's College Physics, 11th Edition, Multi-Term
- A certain car has 14 L of liquid coolant circulating at a temperature of 95 degrees Celsius through the engine’s cooling system. Assume that, in this normal condition, the coolant completely fills the 3.5 L volume of the aluminum radiator and the 10.5 L internal cavities within the aluminum engine. When a car overheats, the radiator, engine, and coolant expand and a small reservoir connected to the radiator catches any resultant coolant overflow. Estimate how much coolant overflows to the reservoir if the system goes from 95 degrees Celsius to 106 degrees Celsius. Model the radiator and engine as hollow shells of aluminum. The coefficient of volume expansion for coolant is 410x10^-6 degrees Celsiusarrow_forwardWhen you take a normal breath of air, you typically inhale 4.43 x10-4 m3 of air. Assuming that the air has an oxygen content of 20.82%, the pressure in the lungs is 1.083 x105 Pa and that air is an ideal gas at a temperature of 298.3 K, find the number of oxygen molecules in a normal breatharrow_forwardYou read in a popular diet blog that the author claims you can lose up to half a pound of body fat per week if, instead of drinking 1.9 liters (i.e., 1.9 kilograms) of water every day, you can eat the same amount of water in the form of ice. The reasoning is that your body must first melt the ice and then bring the ice water up to the body temperature of 37°C, which is a process that requires a significant amount of energy at the expense of “burned” body fat. Thankfully, you just finished discussing heat and phase changes in your physics class, so you can calculate exactly how much energy is expended. The specific heat and latent heat of fusion for water are 4.186 × 103 J/(kg⋅°C) and 3.34×105 J/kg, respectively a) How many kilocalories do you expend when you eat 1.9 kg of ice at 0°C? Note that 1 kcal = 4186 J. b) Assuming the metabolism of one pound of body fat produces 3500 kcal of energy, how many pounds of body fat could you lose in a week just by eating 1.9 kilograms of ice every…arrow_forward
- The air-release flap on a hot-air balloon is used to release hot air from the balloon when appropriate. On one hot-air balloon, the air release opening has an area of 0.5 m2, and the filling opening has an area of 1 m2. During a 2-min adiabatic flight maneuver, hot air enters the balloon at 100 kPa and 35°C with a velocity of 2 m/s; the air in the balloon remains at 100 kPa and 35°C; and air leaves the balloon through the air-release flap at velocity 1 m/s. At the start of this maneuver, the volume of the balloon is 75 m3. Determine the final volume of the balloon and work produced by the air inside the balloon as it expands the balloon skin.arrow_forwardIn an electrochemical cell, a metal anode lost 0.287 g while a total volume of 0.04651 L of hydrogen gas was produced. The temperature was 298 K and the barometric pressure was 765.9 mm Hg. At 298 K, the vapor pressure of water is 23.8 mm Hg. What is the molar mass of the metal?arrow_forwardWhen you drink cold water, your body must expend metabolic energy in order to maintain normal body temperature (37° C) by warming up the water in your stomach. Could drinking ice water, then, substitute for exercise as a way to "burn calories?" Suppose you expend 422 kilocalories during a brisk hour-long walk. How many liters of ice water (0° C) would you have to drink in order to use up 422 kilocalories of metabolic energy? For comparison, the stomach can hold about 1 liter.arrow_forward
- A patient has suffered blood loss and a health care provider is preparing a saline solution for injection. The osmotic pressure of red blood cell is 7 atm, and the prepared solution should be isotonic with those cells. Note: body temperature is 37.15°C and that the gas constant R is 8.206×10 -2 L'atm K-mol The conversion of temperature from °C to Kelvin is T in K = T°C+273.15 (a) To prepare the saline solution, how many moles n of solute should be put into 2 L of distilled water? n = mol (b) Mistakenly, the concentration of the solution is only 1/4 of what it should be. What would be the net osmotic pressure exerted on the walls of the red blood cells? Hint: The concentrations inside the cell and outside the cell are now different. How can you calculate the net osmotic pressure? net = (c) The solution from part B is: atm (d) The diameter of a typical red blood cell is 5.98 μm. Calculate the net force the solution experiences across the cell membrane. Hint: We can assume that the red…arrow_forwardAn ideal gas is brought through an isothermal compression process. The 5.00 mol of gas goes from having an initial volume of 240.7 cm³ to 104.9 cm³. If 2158 cal is released by the gas during this process, what are the temperature T of the gas and the final pressure pf? The gas constant is R = 8.31 J/mol-K, and there are 4.19 J/cal. T = Pf= K Paarrow_forwardA patient has suffered blood loss and a health care provider is preparing a saline solution for injection. The osmotic pressure of red blood cell is 7.05 atm, and the prepared solution should be isotonic with those cells. Note: body temperature is 37.15°C and that the gas constant R is 8.206×10 The conversion of temperature from °C to Kelvin is T in K = T°C+273.15 -2 L'atm K-mol (a) To prepare the saline solution, how many moles n of solute should be put into 2 L of distilled water? n = mol (b) Mistakenly, the concentration of the solution is only 1/4 of what it should be. What would be the net osmotic pressure exerted on the walls of the red blood cells? Hint: The concentrations inside the cell and outside the cell are now different. How can you calculate the net osmotic pressure? Пnet = (c) The solution from part B is: atm (d) The diameter of a typical red blood cell is 6.04 μm. Calculate the net force the solution experiences across the cell membrane. Hint: We can assume that the…arrow_forward
- air. velocity of 10 m/s, and leaves at 300°C and 200 kPa while losing heat at a rate of 25 kW. For an inlet area of 800 cm², 5-30 Steam enters a nozzle at 400°C and 800 kPa with a determine the velocity and the volume flow rate of the steam at the nozzle exit. Answers: 606 m/s, 2.74 m³/s 400°C 300°C 200 kPa 800 kPa Steam 10 m/s FIGURE P5-30arrow_forwardYou can create ice by adding liquid nitrogen to a container of water. If you want to produce 200g of ice from 450g of water at 10°C, how many grams of liquid nitrogen (at its boiling point) would need to be added to the water? Assume that the liquid nitrogen leaves the container of water as soon as it turns to gas. Assume the water values are given to the nearest gram. The boiling point of liquid nitrogen is 77.3K. Given: Latent heat ofvaporisati on of nitrogen: L, = 201.0 kg Latent heat of fusion of water: Lf = 33 3.0 heat capacity of water: C, = 4.186 kg°C T(K) = T(°C) + 273.15 Qr = mC,AT: Qr or f = ml, or farrow_forwardWhen you drink cold water, your body must expend metabolic energy in order to maintain normal body temperature (37.0°C) by warming up the water in your stomach. Could drinking ice water, then, substitute for exercise as a way to "burn calories?" Suppose you expend 400. kilocalories during a brisk hour-long walk. How many liters of ice water (0°C) would you have to drink in order to use up 400. kilocalories of metabolic energy? For comparison, the stomach can hold about 1 liter.arrow_forward
- Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based TextPhysicsISBN:9781133104261Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage LearningPhysics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations...PhysicsISBN:9781133939146Author:Katz, Debora M.Publisher:Cengage Learning
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