Campbell Biology, Bio 101
18th Edition
ISBN: 9781323741665
Author: Reece
Publisher: Pearson Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 11, Problem 4TYU
Consider this pathway: epinephrine → G protein-coupled receptor → G protein → adenylyl cyclase → cAMP. Identify the second messenger.
(A) cAMP
(B) G protein
(C) GTP
(D) adenylyl cyclase
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Chapter 11 Solutions
Campbell Biology, Bio 101
Ch. 11.1 - Explain how signaling is involved in ensuring that...Ch. 11.1 - In liver cells, glycogen Phosphorylase acts in...Ch. 11.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 11.2 - Nerve growth factor (NGF) is a water-soluble...Ch. 11.2 - WHAT IF? What would the effect be if a cell made...Ch. 11.2 - MAKE CONNECTIONS How is ligand binding similar to...Ch. 11.3 - What is a protein kinase, and what is its role in...Ch. 11.3 - When a signal transduction pathway involves a...Ch. 11.3 - What is the actual signal that is being transduced...Ch. 11.3 - WHAT IF? If you exposed a cell to a ligand that...
Ch. 11.4 - How can a targct cell's response to a single...Ch. 11.4 - WHAT IF? If two cells have different scaffolding...Ch. 11.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 11.5 - Give an example of apoptosis during embryonic...Ch. 11.5 - WH AT IF? If apoptosis occurred when it should...Ch. 11 - What determines whether a cell responds to a...Ch. 11 - How are the structures of a GPCR and an RTK...Ch. 11 - What is the difference between a protein kinase...Ch. 11 - What mechanisms in the cell terminale its response...Ch. 11 - What is an explanation for the similarities...Ch. 11 - Binding of a signaling molecule to which type of...Ch. 11 - The activation of receptor tyrosinc kinases is...Ch. 11 - Lipid-soluble signaling molecules, such as...Ch. 11 - Consider this pathway: epinephrine G...Ch. 11 - Apoptosis involves all but which of the following?...Ch. 11 - Which Observation suggestcd to Sutherland the...Ch. 11 - Protein phosphorylation is commonly involved with...Ch. 11 - DRAW IT Draw the following apoptotic pathway,...Ch. 11 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION Identify the evolutlonary...Ch. 11 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 11 - SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY The aging process...Ch. 11 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: ORGANIZATION The properties...Ch. 11 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE There are five basic...
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- You are designing neurotransmitters and hormones that activate G protein-coupled receptors. Based on the characteristics of these family of receptors, Which should have a higher affinity for their receptors? Which should act more rapidly?arrow_forwardDescribe the biochemical signaling steps by which activation of the NMDA receptor causes the postsynaptic cell to fire larger EPSPs.arrow_forwardWe've discussed many pathways that involve G protein coupled receptors this semester, including olfaction. List 2 other pathways that use G protein coupled receptors. Why does it make sense that the pathways you identified use a G protein coupled receptor to detect the signal instead of a receptor tyrosine kinase?arrow_forward
- Under what conditions might receptor up-regulation occur? receptor down-regulation?arrow_forwardDescribe the 3 main steps for activation of receptor tyrosine kinases.arrow_forwardWhat is signal transduction? Illustrate and describe the molecular events in signal transduction pathways involving 1) G-protein-coupled receptors and 2) enzyme linked receptors.arrow_forward
- Suppose that a G protein undergoes a mutation that allows the exchange of bound GTP for GDP to occur in the absence of G protein binding to a receptor. How might this mutation affect signaling involving a GPCR? Which subunit of the G protein is most likely affected by the mutation?arrow_forwardName three features common to the activation of cytokine receptors and receptor tyrosine kinases. Name one difference with respect to the enzyme activity of these receptors.arrow_forwardDefine the term receptor tyrosine kinases?arrow_forward
- What are the advantages of having an enzyme (like adenylyl cyclase) involved in the initial response to receptor activation by a first messenger?arrow_forwardA) Please explain what a G protein coupled receptor is. Please explain how G protein interacts with this receptor. B) Please explain the kind of reactions that follow binding a specific ligand to a G protein coupled receptor. What do these reactions do in the cell? C) How do these reactions work in the cell. What is the function of these reactions in the cell? How do the reactions proceed?arrow_forwardYou are studying a drug that affects a cAMP signalling pathway that is normally initiated when a signalling molecule binds to a G-protein coupled receptor. You determine that the drug prevents the hydrolysis of GTP bound to G-proteins in this pathway. Describe the impact, if any, that this drug would have on the G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR), assuming that the pathway has been activated by the presence of the signalling molecule (first messenger). Include an explanation for your response.arrow_forward
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