Connect 2 Semester Access Card for Fundamentals of Electric Circuits
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259893674
Author: Charles Alexander, Matthew Sadiku
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Textbook Question
Chapter 11, Problem 94CP
A 1-MVA substation operates at full load at 0.7 power factor. It is desired to improve the power factor to 0.95 by installing capacitors. Assume that new substation and distribution facilities cost $120 per kVA installed, and capacitors cost $30 per kVA installed.
- (a) Calculate the cost of capacitors needed.
- (b) Find the savings in substation capacity released.
- (c) Are capacitors economical for releasing the amount of substation capacity?
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
A load of 500 kVA operates on 1100 V, 50 Hz mains with power factor of 0.6 lagging. It is required to improve the power factor to 0.95 lagging by using the star connected capacitor bank. Assuming that the load KVA remains constant, suggest the rating of the capacitors.
A system is working at its maximum kVA capacity with a lagging power factor 0·7. An anticipated increase of load can be met by one of the following two methods:
By raising the p.f. of the system to 0·866 by installing phase advancing equipment.
By installing extra generating plant. If the total cost of generating plant is Rs 100 per kVA, estimate the limiting cost per kVA of phase advancing equipment to make its use more economical than the additional generating plant. Interest and depreciation charges may be assumed 10% in each case.
A 25 kVA, 240 V single phase source supply the rated power at the rated voltage to a motor at 0.8 power factor lagging. Find the capacitor bank in order to improve the power factor to 0.9 lagging connected to a motor.a. Calculate the real power, reactive power and current before capacitor bank is connected?
b. Calculate the power and reactive power after capacitor bank is connected?
c.What is kVA rating of capacitor bank QC?
Chapter 11 Solutions
Connect 2 Semester Access Card for Fundamentals of Electric Circuits
Ch. 11.2 - Calculate the instantaneous power and average...Ch. 11.2 - A current A flows through an impedance Find the...Ch. 11.2 - In the circuit of Fig. 11.4, calculate the average...Ch. 11.2 - Calculate the average power absorbed by each of...Ch. 11.3 - For the circuit shown in Fig. 11.10, find the load...Ch. 11.3 - In Fig. 11.12, the resistor RL is adjusted until...Ch. 11.4 - Find the rms value of the current waveform of Fig....Ch. 11.4 - Find the rms value of the full-wave rectified sine...Ch. 11.5 - Prob. 9PPCh. 11.5 - Prob. 10PP
Ch. 11.6 - For a load, Determine: (a) the complex and...Ch. 11.6 - A sinusoidal source supplies 100 kVAR reactive...Ch. 11.7 - In the circuit in Fig. 11.25, the 60- resistor...Ch. 11.7 - Two loads connected in parallel are respectively 3...Ch. 11.8 - Find the value of parallel capacitance needed to...Ch. 11.9 - For the circuit in Fig. 11.33, find the wattmeter...Ch. 11.9 - The monthly reading of a paper mills meter is as...Ch. 11.9 - An 500-kW induction furnace at 0.88 power factor...Ch. 11 - The average power absorbed by an inductor is zero,...Ch. 11 - The Thevenin impedance of a network seen from the...Ch. 11 - The amplitude of the voltage available in the...Ch. 11 - If the load impedance is 20 j20, the power factor...Ch. 11 - A quantity that contains all the power information...Ch. 11 - Reactive power is measured in: (a) watts (b) VA...Ch. 11 - In the power triangle shown in Fig. 11.34(a), the...Ch. 11 - For the power triangle in Fig. 11.34(b), the...Ch. 11 - A source is connected to three loads Z1, Z2, and...Ch. 11 - The instrument for measuring average power is the:...Ch. 11 - If v(t) = 160 cos 50t V and i(t) = 33 sin (50t ...Ch. 11 - Given the circuit in Fig. 11.35, find the average...Ch. 11 - A load consists of a 60- resistor in parallel with...Ch. 11 - Using Fig. 11.36, design a problem to help other...Ch. 11 - ssuming that vs = 8 cos(2t 40) V in the circuit...Ch. 11 - For the circuit in Fig. 11.38, is = 6 cos 103t A....Ch. 11 - Given the circuit of Fig. 11.39, find the average...Ch. 11 - In the circuit of Fig. 11.40, determine the...Ch. 11 - For the op amp circuit in Fig. 11.41, Find the...Ch. 11 - In the op amp circuit in Fig. 11.42, find the...Ch. 11 - For the network in Fig. 11.43, assume that the...Ch. 11 - For the circuit shown in Fig. 11.44, determine the...Ch. 11 - The Thevenin impedance of a source is ZTh = 120 +...Ch. 11 - Using Fig. 11.45, design a problem to help other...Ch. 11 - In the circuit of Fig. 11.46, find the value of ZL...Ch. 11 - For the circuit in Fig. 11.47, find the value of...Ch. 11 - Calculate the value of ZL in the circuit of Fig....Ch. 11 - Find the value of ZL in the circuit of Fig. 11.49...Ch. 11 - The variable resistor R in the circuit of Fig....Ch. 11 - The load resistance RL in Fig. 11.51 is adjusted...Ch. 11 - Assuming that the load impedance is to be purely...Ch. 11 - Find the rms value of the offset sine wave shown...Ch. 11 - Using Fig. 11.54, design a problem to help other...Ch. 11 - Determine the rms value of the waveform in Fig....Ch. 11 - Find the rms value of the signal shown in Fig....Ch. 11 - Find the effective value of the voltage waveform...Ch. 11 - Calculate the rms value of the current waveform of...Ch. 11 - Find the rms value of the voltage waveform of Fig,...Ch. 11 - Calculate the effective value of the current...Ch. 11 - Compute the rms value of the waveform depicted in...Ch. 11 - Find the rms value of the signal shown in Fig....Ch. 11 - Obtain the rms value of the current waveform shown...Ch. 11 - Determine the rms value for the waveform in Fig....Ch. 11 - Find the effective value f(t) defined in Fig....Ch. 11 - One cycle of a periodic voltage waveform is...Ch. 11 - Calculate the rms value for each of the following...Ch. 11 - Design a problem to help other students better...Ch. 11 - For the power system in Fig. 11.67, find: (a) the...Ch. 11 - An ac motor with impedance ZL = 2 + j 1.2 is...Ch. 11 - Design a problem to help other students better...Ch. 11 - Obtain the power factor for each of the circuits...Ch. 11 - A 110-V rms, 60-Hz source is applied to a load...Ch. 11 - Design a problem to help other students understand...Ch. 11 - Find the complex power delivered by vs to the...Ch. 11 - The voltage across a load and the current through...Ch. 11 - For the following voltage and current phasors,...Ch. 11 - For each of the following cases, find the complex...Ch. 11 - Determine the complex power for the following...Ch. 11 - Find the complex power for the following cases:...Ch. 11 - Obtain the overall impedance for the following...Ch. 11 - For the entire circuit in Fig. 11.70, calculate:...Ch. 11 - In the circuit of Fig. 11.71, device A receives 2...Ch. 11 - In the circuit of the Fig. 11.72, load A receives...Ch. 11 - For the network in Fig. 11.73, find the complex...Ch. 11 - Using Fig. 11.74, design a problem to help other...Ch. 11 - Obtain the complex power delivered by the source...Ch. 11 - For the circuit in Fig. 11.76, find the average,...Ch. 11 - Obtain the complex power delivered to the 10-k...Ch. 11 - Calculate the reactive power in the inductor and...Ch. 11 - For the circuit in Fig. 11.79, find Vo and the...Ch. 11 - Given the circuit in Fig. 11.80, find Io and the...Ch. 11 - For the circuit in Fig. 11.81, find Vs.Ch. 11 - Find Io in the circuit of Fig. 11.82. Figure 11.82Ch. 11 - Determine Is in the circuit of Fig. 11.83, if the...Ch. 11 - In the op amp circuit of Fig. 11.84, vs = 4 cos...Ch. 11 - Obtain the average power absorbed by the 10-...Ch. 11 - For the op amp circuit in Fig. 11.86, calculate:...Ch. 11 - Compute the complex power supplied by the current...Ch. 11 - Refer to the circuit shown in Fig. 11.88. (a) What...Ch. 11 - Design a problem to help other students better...Ch. 11 - Three loads are connected in parallel to a rms...Ch. 11 - Two loads connected in parallel draw a total of...Ch. 11 - A 240-V rms 60-Hz supply serves a load that is 10...Ch. 11 - A 120-V rms 60-Hz source supplies two loads...Ch. 11 - Consider the power system shown in Fig. 11.90....Ch. 11 - Obtain the wattmeter reading of the circuit in...Ch. 11 - What is the reading of the wattmeter in the...Ch. 11 - Find the wattmeter reading of the circuit shown in...Ch. 11 - Determine the wattmeter reading of the circuit in...Ch. 11 - The circuit of Fig. 11.95 portrays a wattmeter...Ch. 11 - Design a problem to help other students better...Ch. 11 - A 240-V rms 60-Hz source supplies a parallel...Ch. 11 - Oscilloscope measurements indicate that the peak...Ch. 11 - A consumer has an annual consumption of 1200 MWh...Ch. 11 - A regular household system of a single-phase...Ch. 11 - A transmitter delivers maximum power to an antenna...Ch. 11 - In a TV transmitter, a series circuit has an...Ch. 11 - A certain electronic circuit is connected to a...Ch. 11 - An industrial heater has a nameplate that reads:...Ch. 11 - A 2000-kW turbine-generator of 0.85 power factor...Ch. 11 - The nameplate of an electric motor has the...Ch. 11 - As shown in Fig. 11.97, a 550-V feeder line...Ch. 11 - A factory has the following four major loads: A...Ch. 11 - A 1-MVA substation operates at full load at 0.7...Ch. 11 - Prob. 95CPCh. 11 - A power amplifier has an output impedance of 40 +...Ch. 11 - A power transmission system is modeled as shown in...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, electrical-engineering and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- An industrial plant consisting primarily of induction motor loads absorbs 500 kW at 0.6 power factor lagging. (a) Compute the required kVA rating of a shunt capacitor to improve the power factor to 0.9 lagging. (b) Calculate the resulting power factor if a synchronous motor rated at 500 hp with 90 efficiency operating at rated load and at unity power factor is added to the plant instead of the capacitor. Assume constant voltage (1hp=0.746kW).arrow_forwardA source supplies power to the following three loads connected in parallel: (1) a lighting load drawing 10kW. (2) an induction motor drawing 10kVA at 0.90 power factor lagging, and (3) a synchronous motor operating at 10hp,85 effIciency and 0.95 power factor leading (1hp=0.746kW). Determine the real, reactive, and apparent power delivered by the source. Also, draw the source power triangle.arrow_forwardConsider the load convention that is used for the RLC elements shown in Figure 2.2 of the text. A. If one says that an inductor absorbs zero real power and positive reactive power. is it (a) True (b) False B. If one says that a capacitor absorbs zero real power and negative reactive power (or delivers positive reactive power), is it (a) False (b) True C. If one says that a (positive-valued) resistor absorbs (positive) real power and zero reactive power, is it (a) True (b) Falsearrow_forward
- A SUBSTATION RATED 1250 KVA IS OPERATING AT FULL LOAD AT 0.8 PF LAGGING AND TO CARRY AN ADDITIONAL LOAD OF 170 KW AT 0.85 PF LAGGING. WITH THE MENTIONED POWER FACTOR, THE SUBSTATION IS EXPERIENCING AN INEFFICIENT ELECTRICAL SYSTEM: HIGH POWER LOSSES, HIGH VOLTAGE DROPS IN THE ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT, AND HIGH ELECTRICITY BILLS. TO REDUCE POWER LOSSES AND TO REDUCE THE ELECTRICITY BILL, POWER FACTOR CORRECTION IS TO BE OF HIGH IMPORTANCE AND CONSIDERATION. ANSWER: CITE A STEP BY STEP SUMMARY OF HOW TO DETERMINE THE POWER FACTOR CORRECTION REQUIRED IN THE GIVEN PROBLEM TO ARRIVE AT THE ALTERNATIVE THAT SHALL BE SYSTEMATICALLY CARRIED OUT TO GUARANTEE A SUCCESSFUL DECISION IMPLEMENTATION,arrow_forwardDiscuss the role of FACTS (Flexible Alternating Current Transmission Systems) devices in power system control and optimization.arrow_forwardA substation rated 1250 kVA is operating at full-load at 0.8 pf lagging and to carry anadditional load of 170 kW at 0.85 pf lagging. With the mentioned power factor, thesubstation is experiencing inefficient electrical system: high power losses, high voltagedrops in the electrical equipment, and high electricity bill. To reduce power losses and toreduce the electricity bill, power factor correction is to be of high importance andconsideration. With this condition, the substation is considering of two alternatives namely:Alternative A: To increase the capacity of the substationAlternative B: To add shunt power capacitor In this regard, the owner requested to prepare a summary report consisting of thefollowing details: additional substation capacity in kVAarrow_forward
- Discuss the challenges and solutions in integrating renewable energy sources into an existing power system grid.arrow_forwardAC electrical circuit is below: (refer picture below) a. Determine the current flowing in the load. b. If it is desired that the system power factor be 0.9. With system frequency = 50 Hz. Determine how large the capacitor is must be installed? Which one is correct? A/B/others answer A. C = 7.7015 mF B. C = 35.243 µF c. Please Draw all the phasor. Please give complete, details, and correct answer. Please do step by step, draw the phasor Please using handwriting (not typing ). THANK YOU, I WILL GIVE MANY THUMBS UP.arrow_forwardA substation rated 1250 kVA is operating at full load at 0.8 pf lagging and to carry an additional load of 170 kW at 0.85 pf lagging. With the mentioned power factor, the substation is experiencing inefficient electrical system: high power losses, high voltage drops in the electrical equipment, and high electricity bill. To reduce power losses and to reduce the electricity bill, power factor correction is to be of high importance and consideration. In this regard, the owner requested to prepare a summary report consisting of the following details: A rightful power phasor diagram.arrow_forward
- A 3-phase, 50 Hz, 3000 V motor develops 600 H.P. (447·6 kW), the power factor being 0·75 lagging and the efficiency 0·93. A bank of capacitors is connected in delta across the supply terminals and power factor raised to 0·9 lagging. Each of the capacitance units is built of five similar 600-V capacitors. Determine the leading Kvar taken by each three sets.arrow_forwardA SUBSTATION RATED 1250 KVA IS OPERATING AT FULL LOAD AT 0.8 PF LAGGING AND TO CARRY AN ADDITIONAL LOAD OF 170 KW AT 0.85 PF LAGGING. WITH THE MENTIONED POWER FACTOR, THE SUBSTATION IS EXPERIENCING AN INEFFICIENT ELECTRICAL SYSTEM: HIGH POWER LOSSES, HIGH VOLTAGE DROPS IN THE ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT, AND HIGH ELECTRICITY BILLS. TO REDUCE POWER LOSSES AND TO REDUCE THE ELECTRICITY BILL, POWER FACTOR CORRECTION IS TO BE OF HIGH IMPORTANCE AND CONSIDERATION. Make a total power triangle (phasor diagram) for Alternate A additional substation capacity in KVA and Alternate B shunt capacitor in KVAarrow_forward1. Thyristor-Controlled Series Capacitor (TCSC) for power factorimprovement2. What are the constraints are followed in Unit commitment?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Power System Analysis and Design (MindTap Course ...Electrical EngineeringISBN:9781305632134Author:J. Duncan Glover, Thomas Overbye, Mulukutla S. SarmaPublisher:Cengage Learning
Power System Analysis and Design (MindTap Course ...
Electrical Engineering
ISBN:9781305632134
Author:J. Duncan Glover, Thomas Overbye, Mulukutla S. Sarma
Publisher:Cengage Learning
How do Universal Motors work ?; Author: Lesics;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0PDRJKz-mqE;License: Standard Youtube License