Chapter 12, Problem 12.96QE

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The minimum pressure that must be applied across the semipermeable membrane to obtain water has to be calculated.

Concept Introduction:

Osmotic pressure:  The osmotic pressure of solution is defined as the difference in pressure needed for no net transfer of solvent to occur across a semipermeable membrane that separates the solution from the pure solvent.  The osmotic pressure of a solution is proportional to the molar concentration of the solute particles in the solution and the equation is given by,

  $\text{Π=iMRT}$

Here,    $\text{Π=}$ Osmotic pressure

  $\text{M=}$ Molar concentration of the solute

  $\text{R=}$ Ideal gas constant

  $\text{T=}$ Temperature (in kelvins)

  $\text{i=}$ van’t Hoff factor