BIOLOGY: ESSENTIALS >LL< W/ CONNECT
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781260635379
Author: Hoefnagels
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 1.2, Problem 1MC
If the human and kangaroo in figure 1.9 switched places, would the evolutionary tree show different relationships among the three animals from what it shows now? Why or why not?
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Imagine that you are an evolutionary biologist currenyly studying a particular species of snake on an island off the coast of Durban, South Africa and that you have information indicating that1000 years ago, the same species of snakes in that island was observed to exist in a variety of colours (Red blue,yellow green) and that most of the snakes were blue. This same species of snakes and the same mixof colours were also found on the mainland (i.e Kwazulu Natal)
Assuming that all the snakes are descended from an ancestral blue snake, explain this change in colour frequency (evolution) as though it were based solely on each of the following processes.
a. Natural selection
b. Bottleneck effect
c. Founder effect
Why are fruit flies good subjects with which to observe the process of evolution through natural selection?
Fruit flies are good subjects because they have very long generations, and scientists can control their development over long periods of time.
Fruit flies are good subjects because they have short generations and scientists can control their development in the lab.
Fruit flies change into different species of flies each generation, so they have more features to study.
Fruit flies are K-strategists, and these are easier to study over short periods of time.
Because the genomes of chimpanzees and humans are almost identical, and the difference between them are no greater than any two humans, their classification has been changed. Chimpanzees and humans are placed in the same family and subfamily. They are in different “tribes”, which is a rarely used classification category between subfamily and genus. The former classification of chimpanzees and humans placed them in different families. Do you believe that chimpanzees should be classified in the same family and/or subfamily as humans? Or do you prefer the previous classification? Which way seems prejudicial? Give your reasonings
Chapter 1 Solutions
BIOLOGY: ESSENTIALS >LL< W/ CONNECT
Ch. 1.1 - Prob. 1MCCh. 1.1 - The bacteria in figure 1.8 reproduce asexually,...Ch. 1.2 - If the human and kangaroo in figure 1.9 switched...Ch. 1.2 - Prob. 2MCCh. 1.2 - Prob. 3MCCh. 1.3 - Identify the elements of the experiment summarized...Ch. 1.3 - What is a statistically significant result?Ch. 1.3 - Prob. 3MCCh. 1.3 - What are some limitations of scientific inquiry?Ch. 1.3 - Prob. 5MC
Ch. 1 - Which of the following is smaller than an...Ch. 1 - All of the following are characteristics of life...Ch. 1 - The concentration of salts in blood remains...Ch. 1 - Prob. 4MCQCh. 1 - Prob. 5MCQCh. 1 - What is the correct way to write the scientific...Ch. 1 - Prob. 7MCQCh. 1 - A scientist has just observed a new phenomenon and...Ch. 1 - Prob. 9MCQCh. 1 - Prob. 10MCQCh. 1 - Prob. 1WIOCh. 1 - Prob. 2WIOCh. 1 - Prob. 3WIOCh. 1 - Prob. 4WIOCh. 1 - Prob. 5WIOCh. 1 - Think of an analogy that will help you remember...Ch. 1 - Other than the brownie example given in the text,...Ch. 1 - Explain why populations of organisms are typically...Ch. 1 - How are the members of the three domains similar?...Ch. 1 - Give two examples of questions that cannot be...Ch. 1 - If you dissect and label the parts of an...Ch. 1 - List each step of the scientific method and...Ch. 1 - Prob. 13WIOCh. 1 - Review Why We Care 1.1, which describes...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1PITCh. 1 - What is the relationship between natural selection...Ch. 1 - Prob. 3PIT
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- While the French biologist LaMarck was correct in proposing that evolution does occur, he believed that the long necks of giraffes evolved as generations of giraffes reached for ever higher leaves on the trees. Using these observations, LaMarck proposed the theory that evolution occurs due to the inheritance of characteristics acquired during an organism’s lifetime. From what you know about the scientific method, why is this incorrect?arrow_forwardLamarck was an early naturalist who published his own ideas about species changing over time. He, however was mistaken about one critical aspect of evolution. If you could travel back in time what advice would you give Lamarck to correct his misunderstanding? Tell him that species actually do change and evolve over time Tell him that traits acquired during an organisms life are not passed on to offspring Tell him that artificial selection does not lead to new varieties of plants and animals Tell him that characteristics are heritable: Parents do pass on their characteristics to their offspringarrow_forwardIn the following scenario, what mechanism(s) of evolution appear to be in play? Also from what lake do you think this population may be most closely related to? What may explain how the population in A came to be here? On the Paruna River, Southern Brazil This oxbow lake (a lake formed when a section of a river is cut off) floods when the winter rains occur (call in lake A). At those times animals from the lake and river can mix. Currently it is the dry season (low water levels in the river) and no flooding has occurred for the past five years. In this lake there is a population of leaf-mimic fish. These fish spend most of the day floating on their sides, acting like dead leaves. At this time they show mainly the brown color morph (some fish are yellow, orange, red, likely to match the species of tree that surrounds the body of water). At this time the lake is surrounded by a tree that drops leaves which are brown in color. Color pattern in this fish is genetic. A few miles downriver…arrow_forward
- What are some of the ways that Darwin's theory of natural selection played out in human evolution? Can you see evidence of particular adaptations as our ancestors evolved, speciated, and in some cases went extinct?arrow_forwardDraw a phylogenetic reconstruction for the hypothetical frog species. Once you have a cladogram you feel confident about, use lines and labels on cladogram to indicate where character states hanged. How many evolutionary changes occurred in your phylogeny? Is there evidence of an evolutionary convergence having occurred in your phylogeny? How about evolutionary reversals?arrow_forwardWhat are the shreds of evidence that the theory of evolution happened to all living forms?arrow_forward
- A scientist used satellite images to track the natural habitats of two species of salamanders: E. eschscholtzii (shown in green) and E. klauberi (shown in brown). What type of evidence of evolution is this? *arrow_forwardIf you were using cladistics to build a phylogenetic tree of cats,which of the following would be the best outgroup?(A) wolf(B) domestic cat(C) lion(D) leopardarrow_forwardWhat are two evolutionary explanations for why certain organisms might NOT blend into their environment (e.g. bright colors,loud songs , or stand out )? Why do you think evolution is sometimes seen at odds with religion ?arrow_forward
- The upper forelimbs of humans and bats have fairly similar skeletal structures, whereas the corresponding bones in whales have very different shapes and proportions. However, genetic data suggest that all three kinds of organisms diverged from a common ancestor at about the same time. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for these data? Group of answer choices Forelimb evolution was adaptive in people and bats, but not in whales. Natural selection in an aquatic environment resulted in significant changes to whale forelimb anatomy. Humans and bats evolved by natural selection, and whales evolved by Lamarckian mechanisms. Genes mutate faster in whales than in humans or bats.arrow_forwardBased on their anatomical and behavioral differences, biologists previously placed humans and chimpanzees in different families, but now DNA sequence data suggest that they are closely related and should be placed in the same family. What are some advantages of using DNA sequences to decide how to classify organisms? What might be some disadvantages?arrow_forward. The images below show two separate theories of how organisms evolve. Which question below directly corresponds to whether Lamarck or Darwin are correct about their theories of the mechanisms of evolution? Why don’t the shorter neck giraffes feed on grasses and lower vegetation? How would the shorter necked giraffes in Lamarck’s theory survive to reproduce and pass on the “need” for longer necks if they were unable to reach food? Why won’t the taller necked giraffes in Darwin’s theory provide assistance to the shorter giraffes since they are the same species? Will the smaller giraffes be more adapted to hide from predators since they wouldn’t be visible from greater distances?arrow_forward
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