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Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The role of the 50S ribosomal subunit in prokaryotic protein synthesis is to be discussed.
Concept introduction:
Protein synthesis needs an initiation complex, which is made up of, at least, eight components. They are mRNA (messenger ribonucleic acid), 30S ribosomal subunits, fmet-tRNAfmet (N-formylmethionine-tRNAfmet), GTP (Guanosine triphosphate), three protein-initiation factors, which are IF-1 (initiation factor-1), IF-2 (initiation factor-2), and IF-3 (initiation factor-3).
The 50S ribosomal subunit and the 30S subunit form the complete 70S ribosome in prokaryotic organisms. The two components of the 50S ribosomal subunit are 5S ribosomal RNA and 23S ribosomal RNA.
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Chapter 12 Solutions
Bundle: Biochemistry, Loose-leaf Version, 9th + Owlv2,1 Term Printed Access Card
- REFLECT AND APPLY Explain why a 50S ribosomal subunit and a 30S ribosomal subunit combine to form a 70S subunit, instead of an 80S subunit.arrow_forwardREFLECT AND APPLY What is the energy cost per amino acid in prokaryotic protein synthesis? Relate this to low entropy.arrow_forwardREFLECT AND APPLY You are studying with a friend who says that the hydrogen-bonded portions of tRNA play no important role in its function. What is your reply?arrow_forward
- REFLECT AND APPLY What are the advantages of being eukaryotic (as opposed to prokaryotic)?arrow_forwardREFLECT AND APPLY E. coli incorporates deoxyribonucleotides into DNA at a rate of 250 to 1000 bases per second. Using the higher value, translate this into typing speed in words per minute. (Assume five characters per word, using the typing analogy from Question 36.)arrow_forwardREFLECT AND APPLY Why is a trimming process important in converting precursors of tRNA and rRNA to the active forms?arrow_forward
- REFLECT AND APPLY In prokaryotic protein synthesis, N-formylmethionine (fmet) is the first amino acid incorporated, whereas (normal) methionine is incorporated in eukaryotes. The same codon (AUG) serves both. What prevents methionine from being inserted into the beginning and N-formylmethionine in the interior?arrow_forwardREFLECT AND APPLY How would protein synthesis be affected if a single codon could specify the incorporation of more than one amino acid (an ambiguous code)?arrow_forwardREFLECT AND APPLY It is possible for the codons for a single amino acid to have the first two bases in common and to differ in the third base. Why is this experimental observation consistent with the concept of wobble?arrow_forward
- BiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781305961135Author:Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Owen M. McDougalPublisher:Cengage Learning
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