Physics
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780321929013
Author: Douglas C. Giancoli
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 12, Problem 44P
The human ear canal is approximately 2.5 cm long. It is open to the outside and is closed at the other end by the eardrum.Estimate the frequencies (in the audible range) of the standing waves in the ear canal. What is the relationship of your answer to the information in the graph of Fig. 12-6?
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Sound is detected when a sound wave causes the tympanic membrane (the ear drum) to vibrate. Typically, the diameter of this membrane is about 8.4 mm in humans. A) how much energy is delivered to the eardrum each second when someone whispers (20 dB) into your ear? B) to comprehend how sensitive the ear is to very small amounts of energy, calculate how fast a typical 2.0 mg mosquito would have to fly (in mm/s) to have this amount of kinetic energy.
A particular person's eardrum is circular, with a diameter of 9.00 mm.
(a)How much sound energy (in J) is delivered to an eardrum in one second, at the threshold of human hearing? (The threshold of human hearing is taken to be 1.00 ✕ 10−12 W/m2.)
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(b)How much sound energy (in J) is delivered to an eardrum in one second, at the pain threshold for human hearing? (The pain threshold occurs at 1.00 W/m2, one trillion times as intense as the lowest audible level.)
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(c)Assume that musicians onstage are exposed to sound that is 10 decibels below the human pain threshold. Over the course of a two-hour concert, how much sound energy (in J) does each ear absorb onstage?
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The area of a typical eardrum is about 5.0 x 10-5 m2. Calculate the sound power (the energy per second) incident on an eardrum at (a) the threshold of hearing and (b) the threshold of pain.
Chapter 12 Solutions
Physics
Ch. 12 - Prob. 1OQCh. 12 - Prob. 1QCh. 12 - Prob. 2QCh. 12 - Prob. 3QCh. 12 - When a sound wave passes from air into water, do...Ch. 12 - What evidence can you give that the speed of sound...Ch. 12 - Prob. 6QCh. 12 - How will the air temperature in a room affect the...Ch. 12 - Prob. 8QCh. 12 - Prob. 9Q
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Some studies suggest that the upper frequency limit of hearing is determined by the diameter of the eardrum. The wavelength of the sound wave and the diameter of the eardrum are approximately equal at this upper limit. If the relationship holds exactly, what is the diameter of the eardrum of a person capable of hearing 20 000 Hz? (Assume a body temperature of 37.0C.)arrow_forwardA pipe is observed to have a fundamental frequency of 345 Hz. Assume the pipe is filled with air (v = 343 m/s). What is the length of the pipe if the pipe is a. closed at one end and b. open at both ends?arrow_forwardThe area of a typical eardrum is about 5.00 X 10-5 m2. (a) (Calculate the average sound power incident on an eardrum at the threshold of pain, which corresponds to an intensity of 1.00 W/m2. (b) How much energy is transferred to the eardrum exposed to this sound lor 1.00 mill?arrow_forward
- A sound wave traveling in air has a pressure amplitude of 0.5 Pa. What is the intensity of the wave?arrow_forwardTwo sinusoidal waves are moving through a medium in the same direction, both having amplitudes of 3.00 cm, a wavelength of 5.20 m, and a period of 6.52 s, but one has a phase shift of an angle . What is the phase shift if the resultant wave has an amplitude of 5.00 cm? [Hint: Use the trig identity sinu+sinv=2sin(u+v2)cos(uv2)arrow_forwardBased on the graph in Figure 17.36, what is the threshold of hearing in decibels for frequencies of 60, 400, 1000, 4000, and 15,000 Hz? Note that many AC electrical appliances produce 60 Hz, music is commonly 400 Hz, a reference frequency is 1000 Hz, your maximum sensitivity is near 4000 Hz, and many older TVs produce a 15,750 Hz whine. Figure 17.36 The relationship of loudness in phons to intensity level (in decibels) and intensity (in watts per meter squared) for persons with normal hearing. The curved lines are equal-loudness curves—all sounds on a given curve are perceived as equally loud. Phons and decibels are defined to be the same at 1000 Hz.arrow_forward
- 10-11. You have been asked to evaluate the A-weighted sound level of a new model lawn mower and make a recommendation on an acceptable noise spectrum to achieve 74 dBA. Three approaches are being considered by the manufacturer: (1) an improved muffler that will reduce the sound level 3 dB in each frequency band, (2) a reduction in the speed of the mower that will reduce the sound level 5 dB in each frequency band, and (3) an engine redesign that will reduce the sound level 15 dB in the five highest frequency bands. Using a spreadsheet program you have written, compute the A-weighted sound level for the sound spectrum shown on the following page and develop a recommended noise spectrum based on the manufac- turer's alternatives that results in a sound level of less than 74 dBA. Assume that each of the alternative reductions may be added together (by decibel addition) in each frequency band in which it is applicable. 775 NOISE POLLUTION Band center Band level frequency (Hz) (dB) 63 78…arrow_forwardApproximately a third of people with normal hearing have ears that continuously emit a low-intensity sound outward through the ear canal. A person with such spontaneous otoacoustic emission is rarely aware of the sound, except perhaps in a noise-free environment, but occasionally the emission is loud enough to be heard by someone else nearby. In one observation, the sound wave had a frequency of 1691 Hz and a pressure amplitude of 1.17 x 103 Pa. What were (a) the displacement amplitude and (b) the intensity of the wave emitted by the ear? The air density is 1.21 kg/m3 and the speed of sound is 343 m/s. (a) Number i Units (b) Number i Unitsarrow_forwardApproximately a third of people with normal hearing have ears that continuously emit a low-intensity sound outward through the ear canal. A person with such spontaneous otoacoustic emission is rarely aware of the sound, except perhaps in a noisefree environment, but occasionally the emission is loud enough to be heard by someone else nearby. In one observation, the sound wave had a frequency of 1665 Hz and a pressure amplitude of 1.13 *10-3 Pa. What were (a) the displacement amplitude and (b) the intensity of the wave emitted by the ear?arrow_forward
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