Economics (Irwin Economics)
21st Edition
ISBN: 9781259723223
Author: Campbell R. McConnell, Stanley L. Brue, Sean Masaki Flynn Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 12, Problem 7DQ
To determine
Re importation of drugs to USA.
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Use the accompanying graph to answer the questions that follow. (LO1, LO2) a. Suppose this monopolist is unregulated. (1) What price will the firm charge to maximize its profits? (2) What is the level of consumer surplus at this price? b. Suppose the firm’s price is regulated at $80. (1) What is the firm’s marginal revenue if it produces 7 units? (2) If the firm is able to cover its variable costs at the regulated price, how much output will the firm produce in the short run to maximize its profits? (3) In the long run, how much output will this firm produce if the price remains regulated at $80?
4. You are the manager of a monopoly, and your demand and cost functions are given by P = 300 − 3Q and C(Q) = 1,500 + 2Q2, respectively. (LO3, LO4)
a. What price–quantity combination maximizes your firm’s profits?
b. Calculate the maximum profits.
c. Is demand elastic, inelastic, or unit elastic at the profit-maximizing price–quantity combination?
d. What price–quantity combination maximizes revenue?
e. Calculate the maximum revenues.
f. Is demand elastic, inelastic, or unit elastic at the revenue-maximizing price–quantity combination?
6. The accompanying diagram shows the demand, marginal revenue, and marginal cost of a monopolist. (LO1, LO3, LO5)
a. Determine the profit-maximizing output and price.
b. What price and output would prevail if this firm’s product were sold by price-taking
firms in a perfectly competitive market?
c. Calculate the deadweight loss of this monopoly.
8. The elasticity of demand for a firm’s product is –2.5 and its advertising elasticity of demand is 0.2.…
As the manager of a monopoly, you face potential government regulation. Your inversedemand is P = 40 − 2Q, and your costs are C(Q) = 8Q. (LO1, LO2, LO6)a. Determine the monopoly price and output.
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- Which of statement is true about economic profit in the long run.(LO2,3). a) both the monopolistic and perfect competitor make one. b) neither the monopolistic nor the perfect competitor makes one. c) only the perfect competitor makes one. d) only the monopolistic makes one.arrow_forwardA monopolist’s inverse demand function is P = 150 − 3Q. The company produces out- put at two facilities; the marginal cost of producing at facility 1 is MC1(Q1) = 6Q1, and the marginal cost of producing at facility 2 is MC2(Q2) = 2Q2. (LO1, LO8) a. Provide the equation for the monopolist’s marginal revenue function. (Hint: Recall thatQ1 +Q2 =Q.) b. Determine the profit-maximizing level of output for each facility. c. Determine the profit-maximizing price.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements regarding a profit-maximising monopolist is FALSE? O a. This firm might respond to a fall in demand by reducing both its output and its price. O b. This firm might respond to a fall in demand by reducing its output and increasing its price. O c. This firm would respond to a fall in the price of a variable input by increasing its output and reducing its price. d. This firm would respond to a fall in the price of a fixed input by increasing its output and reducing its price.arrow_forward
- 3. Suppose that fixed costs for a firm in the automobile industry (start-up costs of facto-ries, capital equipment, and so on) are $5 billion and that variable costs are equal to$17,000 per finished automobile. Because more firms increase competition in themarket, the market price falls as more firms enter an automobile market, or specifi-cally, P = 17,000 + (150/n), where n represents the number of firms in a market.Assume that the initial size of the U.S, and the European automobile markets are 300million and 533 million people, respectively.a. Calculate the equilibrium number of firms in the U.S. and European automobilemarkets without trade.b. What is the equilibrium price of automobiles in the United States and Europe if theautomobile industry is closed to foreign trade?c. Now suppose that the United States decides on free trade in automobiles withEurope. The trade agreement with the Europeans adds 533 million consumers tothe automobile market, in addition to the 300 million in the…arrow_forwardA statistical study estimated that the dental appliance market coexists with a Supply curve given by: O= 75.2+1.4P and a Demand curve given by: D= 446.2-1.1P, where P is the price of sale in real units and quantities in thousands of units. This study also indicated that the average prices practiced are 20% below equilibrium, which has encouraged the search for dental treatment. Considering that the market cannot supply all the customers who are looking for it, how many people will be without access to treatment while prices are below equilibrium?arrow_forwardReference: Ref 11-2 (Exhibit: Profit Maximization for a Firm in Monopolistic Competition) Suppose that an innovation reduces a firm's fixed costs and reduces cost from ATC to ATC'. Suppose further that after the innovation reduced the cost to ATC', it costs a total of $18 per unit to produce 170 units per day. If the firm charges a price equal to marginal cost, total net profit will be: a. $1,190. b. $3,400. c. $1,700. d. $3,060. Note:- Please avoid using ChatGPT and refrain from providing handwritten solutions; otherwise, I will definitely give a downvote. Also, be mindful of plagiarism. Answer completely and accurate answer. Rest assured, you will receive an upvote if the answer is accurate.arrow_forward
- Assume that annual inverse demand for a particular product is P=150-Q. The product is offered by a pair of Bertrand competitors, each with marginal costs of $75. The discount factor is 0.9. What is the current equilibrium price and total surplus? Now, assume though that if R&D is conducted at rate x, it incurs one-off costs of r(x)=10x^2 and reduces the marginal costs to (75-x). Suppose that one firm decides to conduct R&D at rate x=10. This research will be protected by a patent of T years. a) What profit(ignoring the one-off costs of R&D) does the innovating firm make each year during the period of patent protection? b) What is the new equilibrium price and total surplus once patent protection expires? c) Use your answer above to write the total surplus from the innovationarrow_forwardIn a market where a monopolist can charge different prices to different groups, which of the following groups will likely be charged the lowest price?O a. the group for which the good is a necessityO b. the group for which the good makes up a large portion of income (big-ticket item)O c. the group for which the good has no good substitutesO d. the group for which the good makes up a small portion of income (small-ticket item)O e. The groups described in (a), (c), and (d) will all get charged a lower price than the group described in (b).arrow_forward1.Briefly state the basic characteristics of pure competition, pure monopoly, monopolistic competition, and oligopoly. Under which of these market classifications does each of the following most accurately fit? (a) a supermarket in your hometown; (b) the steel industry; (c) a Kansas wheat farm; (d) the commercial bank in which you or your family has an account; (e) the automobile industry. In each case, justify your classification. LO1arrow_forward
- Let the demand and cost curves for a monopolist be If the government imposes a price ceiling of $100 on the monopolist's price, what is the profit earned by the monopolist without and with the price ceiling? O No ceiling: $10,000 Ceiling: $0 O No ceiling: $10,000 Ceiling: $10,000 O No ceiling: $20,000 Ceiling: $10,000 Q = 1000 - 4P 20000 + 50Q TC O No ceiling: $20,000 Ceiling: $0arrow_forwardIn view of the problems involved in regulating natural monopolies, compare socially optimal (marginal-cost) pricing and fair-return pricing by referring again to Figure 12.9. Assuming that a government subsidy might be used to cover any loss resulting from marginal-cost pricing, which pricing policy would you favor? Why? What problems might such a subsidy entail?arrow_forward1. Suppose you are the economic adviser of a company producing three brands of mobile phones; Nokia 10, Samsung X and iPhone Z. Suppose further that, your company currently sells 120 Units of iPhone Z at ¢800 per unit, 150 units of Samsung X at ¢800 per unit and 200 units of Nokia 10 at ¢100 per unit, but in a bid to maximize profit, the company’s managing director proposes an increase in price of Samsung X from ¢800 to ¢1000 per unit for which quantity demanded is anticipated to fall from 150 to 100 units; iPhone Z from ¢800 to ¢1200 per unit for which quantity demanded is anticipated to fall from 120 to 100 units; and Nokia 10 from ¢100 to ¢200 per unit for which quantity demanded is expected to fall from 200 to 100 units. I. Using the mid-point formula, compute the price elasticity of demand for each brand. II. From your answer in i, what is the type and economic interpretation of each brand’s value of elasticityarrow_forward
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