COLLEGE PHYSICS V1+WEBASSIGN MULTI-TERM
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780357683538
Author: SERWAY
Publisher: CENGAGE L
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Textbook Question
thumb_up100%
Chapter 12.3, Problem 12.2QQ
Identify the paths A, B, C, and D in Figure 12.11 as isobaric, isothermal, isovolumetric, or adiabatic. For path B, Q = 0.
Figure 12.11 (Quick Quiz 12.2) Identify the nature of paths A, B, C, and D
Expert Solution & Answer
Trending nowThis is a popular solution!
Students have asked these similar questions
Calculate the ratio between the population of state 1 and state 2 two for the
following two systems at 300 K:
a.
b.
ΔΕ=10-21 J
ΔΕ=10:20 J
E₁
Eo
E₁
Eo
c. For which of the two systems, a. or b., do you expect a higher absorption
intensity? Explain your reasoning.
Gibb’s free energy is defined as G≡H-TS and H ≡ U+PV. Show that dU=TdS-PdV, dH=TdS+VdP and dG=VdP-SdT.
2. If non-PV work is done (P and T constant), dU= TdS-PdV +dwother. Knowing that dH=dU+PdV+VdP and dG= dH-SdT-TdS, show that dG=dwother. We often call free energy the chemical work for a reaction!
ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS:
1. Why is it impossible for a totally isolated system to exist in nature? Explain briefly.
2. What is the sum of the kinetic and potential energy of a system?
3. The living cell exhibits thermodynamic equilibrium. True or False? Why?
Chapter 12 Solutions
COLLEGE PHYSICS V1+WEBASSIGN MULTI-TERM
Ch. 12.1 - By visual inspection, order the PV diagrams shown...Ch. 12.3 - Identify the paths A, B, C, and D in Figure 12.11...Ch. 12.4 - Three engines operate between reservoirs separated...Ch. 12.5 - Which of the following is true for the entropy...Ch. 12.5 - Prob. 12.5QQCh. 12 - Two identical containers each hold 1 mole of an...Ch. 12 - Which one of the following statements is true? (a)...Ch. 12 - Prob. 3CQCh. 12 - Prob. 4CQCh. 12 - For an ideal gas in an isothermal process, there...
Ch. 12 - An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process so...Ch. 12 - Is it possible to construct a heat engine that...Ch. 12 - A heat engine does work Weng while absorbing...Ch. 12 - When a sealed Thermos bottle full of hot coffee is...Ch. 12 - The first law of thermodynamics is U = Q + W. For...Ch. 12 - The first law of thermodynamics says we cant get...Ch. 12 - Objects A and B with TA TB are placed in thermal...Ch. 12 - Prob. 13CQCh. 12 - Prob. 14CQCh. 12 - An ideal gas is compressed to half its initial...Ch. 12 - A thermodynamic process occurs in which the...Ch. 12 - Prob. 17CQCh. 12 - An ideal gas is enclosed in a cylinder with a...Ch. 12 - Sketch a PV diagram and find the work done by the...Ch. 12 - Gas in a container is at a pressure of 1.5 atm and...Ch. 12 - Find the numeric value of the work done on the gas...Ch. 12 - A gas expands from I to F along the three paths...Ch. 12 - A gas follows the PV diagram in Figure P12.6. Find...Ch. 12 - A sample of helium behaves as an ideal gas as it...Ch. 12 - (a) Find the work done by an ideal gas as it...Ch. 12 - One mole of an ideal gas initially at a...Ch. 12 - (a) Determine the work done on a fluid that...Ch. 12 - A balloon holding 5.00 moles of helium gas absorbs...Ch. 12 - A chemical reaction transfers 1250 J of thermal...Ch. 12 - Prob. 13PCh. 12 - A cylinder of volume 0.300 m3 contains 10.0 mol of...Ch. 12 - A gas expands from I to F in Figure P12.5. The...Ch. 12 - In a running event, a sprinter does 4.8 105 J of...Ch. 12 - A gas is compressed at a constant pressure of...Ch. 12 - A quantity of a monatomic ideal gas undergoes a...Ch. 12 - A gas is enclosed in a container fitted with a...Ch. 12 - A monatomic ideal gas under-goes the thermodynamic...Ch. 12 - An ideal gas is compressed from a volume of Vi =...Ch. 12 - A system consisting of 0.025 6 moles of a diatomic...Ch. 12 - An ideal monatomic gas expands isothermally from...Ch. 12 - An ideal gas expands at constant pressure. (a)...Ch. 12 - An ideal monatomic gas contracts in an isobaric...Ch. 12 - An ideal diatomic gas expands adiabatically from...Ch. 12 - An ideal monatomic gas is contained in a vessel of...Ch. 12 - Consider the cyclic process described by Figure...Ch. 12 - A 5.0-kg block of aluminum is heated from 20C to...Ch. 12 - One mole of gas initially at a pressure of 2.00...Ch. 12 - A gas increases in pressure from 2.00 atm to 6.00...Ch. 12 - An ideal gas expands at a constant pressure of...Ch. 12 - A heat engine operates between a reservoir at 25C...Ch. 12 - A heat engine is being designed to have a Carnot...Ch. 12 - The work done by an engine equals one-fourth the...Ch. 12 - In each cycle of its operation, a heat engine...Ch. 12 - One of the most efficient engines ever built is a...Ch. 12 - A lawnmower engine ejects 1.00 104 J each second...Ch. 12 - An engine absorbs 1.70 kJ from a hot reservoir at...Ch. 12 - A heat pump has a coefficient of performance of...Ch. 12 - A freezer has a coefficient of performance of...Ch. 12 - Prob. 42PCh. 12 - In one cycle a heat engine absorbs 500 J from a...Ch. 12 - A power plant has been proposed that would make...Ch. 12 - Prob. 45PCh. 12 - A heat engine operates in a Carnot cycle between...Ch. 12 - A Styrofoam cup holding 125 g of hot water at 1.00...Ch. 12 - A 65-g ice cube is initially at 0.0C. (a) Find the...Ch. 12 - A freezer is used to freeze 1.0 L of water...Ch. 12 - What is the change in entropy of 1.00 kg of liquid...Ch. 12 - A 70.0-kg log falls from a height of 25.0 m into a...Ch. 12 - A sealed container holding 0.500 kg of liquid...Ch. 12 - Prob. 53PCh. 12 - When an aluminum bar is temporarily connected...Ch. 12 - Prepare a table like Table 12.3 for the following...Ch. 12 - Prob. 56PCh. 12 - Prob. 57PCh. 12 - Prob. 58PCh. 12 - Sweating is one of the main mechanisms with which...Ch. 12 - Prob. 60PCh. 12 - Suppose a highly trained athlete consumes oxygen...Ch. 12 - A Carnot engine operates between the temperatures...Ch. 12 - Prob. 63APCh. 12 - A Carnot engine operates between 100C and 20C. How...Ch. 12 - A substance undergoes the cyclic process shown in...Ch. 12 - When a gas follows path 123 on the PV diagram in...Ch. 12 - Prob. 67APCh. 12 - An ideal gas initially at pressure P0, volume V0,...Ch. 12 - One mole of neon gas is heated from 300. K to 420....Ch. 12 - Every second at Niagara Falls, approximately 5.00 ...Ch. 12 - A cylinder containing 10.0 moles of a monatomic...Ch. 12 - Prob. 72APCh. 12 - Suppose you spend 30.0 minutes on a stair-climbing...Ch. 12 - Hydrothermal vents deep on the ocean floor spout...Ch. 12 - An electrical power plant has an overall...Ch. 12 - A diatomic ideal gas expands from a volume of VA =...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- * ? 63. During isothermal compression, the internal energy of an ideal gas : a. Decreases b. Can go either way depending on the precise pressures and volumes c. Stays the same d. Increases 64. What is the total internal energy of a sample of 9 moles of air (considered as an ideal gas) at a temperature of 3°C? Assume that the rotational degrees of freedom are fully activated, and that the vibrational modes are "frozen out". (k=1.38 x 10-23 J/K, N-6.022x10²3) 3°C = 273+3 = 276 U= n NAF ( 1₂ KT) (9)(6.022 X 10²²) x 1.38×10²³ x 276) = 1032 a. 1.19 x 105 J b. 9.29 x 104 J c. 7.23 x 104 J d. 5.16 x 104 J 65. What is the average translational kinetic energy per oxygen molecule in this sample? a. 1.2 x 10-20 J b. 9.14 x 10-21 J c. 5.71 x 10-21 J d. 1.54 x 10-20 J 66. Is this kinetic energy the same or different from the nitrogen molecules in the sample? a. Different b. The same 67. What is the rms speed of the oxygen molecules in this sample? (the atomic mass number of oxygen is 15.994, 1 u =…arrow_forwardProblem 2: A bubble of CO2 forms at the bottom of a lake and rises to the surface. Recall that the pressure P below the surface of a lake increases with depth h as AP = pg Ah, where p is the density of the water. As the bubble rises, the pressure decreases and the bubble expands. If the bubble rises slowly, the process is isothermal. But if the bubble rises rapidly, the process is adiabatic. You can assume f= 6 for CO2 gas near room temperature (3 translational modes and 2 rotational modes and one active bending mode.) a) Compare two initially identical bubbles A and B: Bubble A rises adiabatically, and bubble B rises isothermally. Let Pı be the pressure at the bottom of the lake and P2 be the pressure at the top of the lake. For each of the bubbles, A and B, derive a formula for the ratio of the volumes V2/V1 , and predict which bubble will expand more as it rises. b) For each bubble, A and B, by what factor will the volume increase if the bubble starts at a depth of 100 m and rises…arrow_forwardHow much energy in jouls does a (5.14x10^1) W toaster use in the morning if it is in operation for a total (4.000x10^0) min? Give your answer to 3 sf. Note: Your answer is assumed to be reduced to the highest power possible. Your Answer: x10 Answerarrow_forward
- If you mix food in a blender, the electric motor does work on the system, which consists of the food inside the container. This work can noticeably warm up the food. Suppose the blender motor runs at a power of 250 W for 40 s. During this time, 2000 J of heat flow from the now-warmer food to its cooler surroundings. Match the answers with questions. (Hint: Example 11.12) v W- work done on the system (food) A. 2000 J v Q- Heat into or out of the system (food) B. 8000 J v AEth - Change in thermal energy of the system (food) C. OJ D. -10,000 J E. -8000 J F. -2000 J G. 10,000 Jarrow_forward9 of 13 How much heat does it take to increase the temperature of 9.00 moles of an ideal monatomic gas from 24.0 °C to 54.0 °C if the gas is held at constant volume? Express your answer in joules. ΑΣφ ? J Submit Request Answer Part B How much heat is needed if the gas is diatomic rather than monatomic? Express your answer in joules.arrow_forwardThe potential density (D) is a useful diagnostic parameter defined as the density that an air parcel would have if it were adiabatically compressed or expanded to 1000 hPa. Derive an expression for D. Show that the product of the potential temperature (θ) and the potential density (i.e. Dθ) is a constant.arrow_forward
- 0.5 moles of cinnamaldehyde gas that has an initial volume of ten liters expands under the following conditions: 185°F and 800mmHg external pressure. a. How much work is done? Express your answer in L atm. b. Assuming that the container is cylindrical with a base radius of 10cm and can only expand vertically, how much kinetic energy does a single molecule possesses if it travels from base to base of the expanded cylinder in 10μs? Express your answer in Jarrow_forwardA block leaves a frictionless inclined surface horizontally after dropping off by a height hh. Find the horizontal distance DD where it will land on the floor, if h=4.4h=4.4 m and H=2.2H=2.2 m. Image Description D=D= m The potential energy function for either one of the two atoms in a diatomic molecule is often approximated by U(x)=ax6−bx3U(x)=ax6-bx3 where xx is the distance between the atoms. At what distance of separation does the potential energy have a local minimum (not at x=∞x=∞)? Express your answer algebraically.xmin=xmin= What is the force on an atom at this separation? F(x=xmin)=F(x=xmin)= Narrow_forwardMESES ====== ETICE 33333 2. A worker drives a 0.500 kg spike into a rail tie with a 2.50 kg sledgeham- mer. The hammer hits the spike with a speed of 65.0 m/s. If one-third of the hammer's kinetic energy is converted to the internal energy of the hammer and spike, how much does the total internal energy increase?arrow_forward
- Riding a bike burns 100 calories per mile. If you ride at 20 miles per hour, what is your average power output in watts? A I also attached the not sure if I have to use Joules or watt. 1 mile = 5280 feet I km = 1000 m %3D %3D 1m = 100 cm 1L= 1000 ml 1 Calorie = 4184 joules %3D 1 kilowatt = 1000 watts %3D 1 kilowatt hour = 3.6 million joules 1 watt = 1 joule per second %3Darrow_forwardAt a certain location, the solar power per unit area reaching Earth's surface is 200 W/ m^2, averaged over a 24-hour day. If the average power requirement in your home is 3 kW and you can convert solar power to electric power with 10 % efficiency, how large a collector area will you need to meet all your household energy requirements from solar energy? (Will a collector fit in your yard or on your roof? ).arrow_forwardA rubber band at temperature T is fastened at one end to a peg, and supports from its other end a mass m in a gravitational field g. Model the rubber band as a linked polymer chain of N segments joined end-to-end. Each segment has a length a and can be oriented either parallel or anti-parallel to the vertical direction. Find an expression for the average length of the rubber band as a function of B, m, g, N, and a. You may neglect the kinetic energies and masses of the segments themselves, and any interaction between the segments.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- College PhysicsPhysicsISBN:9781305952300Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris VuillePublisher:Cengage LearningPhysics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations...PhysicsISBN:9781133939146Author:Katz, Debora M.Publisher:Cengage Learning
College Physics
Physics
ISBN:9781305952300
Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations...
Physics
ISBN:9781133939146
Author:Katz, Debora M.
Publisher:Cengage Learning
The Second Law of Thermodynamics: Heat Flow, Entropy, and Microstates; Author: Professor Dave Explains;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MrwW4w2nAMc;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY