Concept explainers
Contingency; Dow Chemical Company disclosure
• LO13–5, LO13–6
Real World Financials
The Dow Chemical Company provides chemical, plastic, and agricultural products and services to various consumer markets. The following excerpt is taken from the disclosure notes of Dow’s 2015 annual report:
In total, the Company’s accrued liability for probable environmental remediation and restoration costs was $670 million at December 31, 2015, compared with $706 million at the end of 2014. This is management’s best estimate of the costs for remediation and restoration with respect to environmental matters for which the Company has accrued liabilities, although it is reasonably possible that the ultimate cost with respect to these particular matters could range up to approximately two and a half times that amount.
Required:
Does the excerpt describe a loss contingency? Under what conditions would Dow accrue such a contingency? What
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INTERMEDIATE ACCOUNTING(LL)-W/2 ACCESS
- Brief Exercise 11-13 (Algo) Amortization; Software development costs [LO11-4] On September 30, 2024, Athens Software began developing a software program to shield personal computers from malware and spyware. Technological feasibility was established on February 28, 2025, and the program was available for release on April 30, 2025. Development costs were incurred as follows: $ September 30 through December 31, 2024 January 1 through February 28, 2025 March 1 through April 30, 2025 Athens expects a useful life of four years for the software and total revenues of $7,600,000 during that time. During 2025, revenue of $1,520,000 was recognized. Required: 1. Prepare a journal entry to record the development costs in each year of 2024 and 2025. 2. Calculate the required amortization for 2025. Complete this question by entering your answers in the tabs below. Required Required 1 2 Prepare a journal entry to record the development costs in each year of 2024 and 2025. Note: If no entry is…arrow_forwardExercise 6-20 (Algo) Long-term contract; revenue recognition over time vs. upon project completion [LO6-9] On June 15, 2024, Sanderson Construction entered into a long-term construction contract to build a baseball stadium in Washington, D.C., for $410 million. The expected completion date is April 1, 2026, just in time for the 2026 baseball season. Costs incurred and estimated costs to complete at year-end for the life of the contract are as follows ($ in millions): Costs incurred during the year Estimated costs to complete as of December 2024 $ 50 200 2025 $ 150 2026 $ 45 50 31 Required: 1. Compute the revenue and gross profit that Sanderson will report in its 2024, 2025, and 2026 income statements related to this contract, assuming Sanderson recognizes revenue over time according to percentage of completion. 2. Compute the revenue and gross profit that Sanderson will report in its 2024, 2025, and 2026 income statements related to this contract, assuming this project does not qualify…arrow_forwardExercise 6-20 (Algo) Long-term contract; revenue recognition over time vs. upon project completion [LO6-9] On June 15, 2024, Sanderson Construction entered into a long-term construction contract to build a baseball stadium in Washington, D.C., for $230 million. The expected completion date is April 1, 2026, just in time for the 2026 baseball season. Costs incurred and estimated costs to complete at year-end for the life of the contract are as follows ($ in millions): Costs incurred during the year Estimated costs to complete as of December 31 Required: Required 1 Required 2 Required 3 Year 1. Compute the revenue and gross profit that Sanderson will report in its 2024, 2025, and 2026 income statements related to this contract, assuming Sanderson recognizes revenue over time according to percentage of completion. 2. Compute the revenue and gross profit that Sanderson will report in its 2024, 2025, and 2026 income statements related to this contract, assuming this project does not qualify…arrow_forward
- Exercise 6-20 (Algo) Long-term contract; revenue recognition over time vs. upon project completion [LO6-9] On June 15, 2024, Sanderson Construction entered into a long-term construction contract to build a baseball stadium in Washington, D.C., for $320 million. The expected completion date is April 1, 2026, just in time for the 2026 baseball season. Costs incurred and estimated costs to complete at year-end for the life of the contract are as follows ($ in millions): Costs incurred during the year Estimated costs to complete as of December 31 Required: Required 1 Required 2 Required 3 2024 2025 2026 Construction revenue Construction expense Gross profit (loss) 1. Compute the revenue and gross profit that Sanderson will report in its 2024, 2025, and 2026 income statements related to this contract, assuming Sanderson recognizes revenue over time according to percentage of completion. 2. Compute the revenue and gross profit that Sanderson will report in its 2024, 2025, and 2026 income…arrow_forwardhw6 q9 Federated Manufacturing Incorporated (FMI) produces electronic components in three divisions: industrial, commercial, and consumer products. The commercial products division annually purchases 10,600 units of part 23–6711, which the industrial division produces for use in manufacturing one of its own products. The commercial division is growing rapidly; it is expanding its production and now wants to increase its purchases of part 23–6711 to 15,600 units per year. The problem is that the industrial division is at full capacity. No new investment in the industrial division has been made for some years because top management sees little future growth in its products, so its capacity is unlikely to increase soon. The commercial division can buy part 23–6711 from Advanced Micro Incorporated or from Admiral Electric, a customer of the industrial division now purchasing 680 units of part 88–461. The industrial division's sales to Admiral would not be affected by the commercial…arrow_forwardProblems 26-30 assume that a U.S.-based company is issuing securities to foreign investors who require financial statements prepared in accordance with IFRS. Thus, adjustments to convert from U.S. GAAP to IFRS must be made. Ignore income taxes for each problem.Trecek Corporation incurs research and development costs of $650,000 in 2017, 30 percent of which relate to development activities subsequent to IAS 36 criteria having been met that indicate an intangible asset has been created. The newly developed product is brought to market in January 2018 and is expected to generate sales revenue for 10 years.a. Determine the appropriate accounting for research and development costs for the years ending December 31, 2017, and December 31, 2018, under (1) U.S. GAAP and (2) IFRS.b. Prepare the entry(ies) that Trecek would make on the December 31, 2017, and December 31, 2018, conversion worksheets to convert U.S. GAAP balances to IFRS.arrow_forward
- PROBLEM 14 (Adapted)Mimi Company has been having difficulty obtaining necessary raw materials for its manufacturing process. The company, therefore, signed a long-term noncancelable purchase commitment with its largest supplier of this raw material on Jun3 30, 2020, at an agreed price of P800,000. On December 31, 2020, the raw material had declined in price to P720,000. Required:1. What entry would you make on December 31, 2020, to recognize these facts?2. Assuming that on March 31, 2021, Mimi Company purchases the raw materials. During this time, the market price of the raw materials is P810,000? P780,000? P690,000?arrow_forwardQuestion 3What is the proper solution for this problem? B. On August 1, 2021, the board of directors of LL Co. voted to approve the disposal of one of its B division.The sale is expected to occur in June of next year. The B division's revenue and expenses for the period from January 1 to July 31 amounted to P14,000,000 and P10,000,000, respectively. For the period from August 1 to December 31, B Division's revenue amounted to P5,000,000 while expenses totaled P4,500,000. The carrying amount of B Division's net assets on December 31, 2021 was P21,000,000 and the fair value less cost of disposal was P25,000,000. The sale contract requires the company to pay termination cost of affected employees in the amount of P1,200,000 to be paid on September 30, 2022. The income tax rate is 30%. Required:25 – 27. Determine the income (loss) net of tax from discontinued operation.arrow_forward5 rded ces The Foundational 15 (Algo) [LO10-1, LO10-2] [The following information applies to the questions displayed below.] Westerville Company reported the following results from last year's operations: Sales Variable expenses Contribution margin Fixed expenses Net operating income t Average operating assets At the beginning of this year, the company has a $137,500 investment opportunity with the following cost and revenue characteristics: Sales Contribution margin ratio Fixed expenses Margin $ 1,200,000 420,000 780,000 600,000 $ 180,000 $ 600,000 $ 99,000 The company's minimum required rate of return is 20%. 60.0 $ 220,000 Foundational 10-7 (Algo) 7. If the company pursues the investment opportunity and otherwise performs the same as last year, what margin will it earn this year? (Round your percentage answer to 1 decimal place (i.e., 0.1234 should be entered as 12.3).) % 60 of salesarrow_forward
- Exercise 11-21 (Algo) Change in estimate; useful life of patent [LO11-4, 11-5) Van Frank Telecommunications has a patent on a cellular transmission process. The company has amortized the patent on a straight- line basis since 2020, when it was acquired at a cost of $13.5 million at the beginning of that year. Due to rapid technological advances in the industry, management decided that the patent would benefit the company over a total of six years rather than the nine-year life being used to amortize its cost. The decision was made at the beginning of 2024. Required: Prepare the year-end journal entry for patent amortization in 2024. No amortization was recorded during the year. Note: If no entry is required for a transaction/event, select "No journal entry required" in the first account field. Enter your answer in millions rounded to 2 decimal places (i.e., 5,500,000 should be entered as 5.5).arrow_forwardExercise 11-2 (Algo) Residual Income [LO11-2] Juniper Design Limited of Manchester, England, provides design services to residential developers. Last year the company had net operating income of $440,000 on sales of $1,900,000. The company's average operating assets for the year were $2.100.000 and its minimum required rate of return was 14%. Required: Compute the company's residual income for the year.arrow_forwardExercise 20-16 (Static) Accounting change [LO20-4] The Peridot Company purchased machinery on January 2, 2019, for $800,000. A five-year life was estimated and no residual value was anticipated. Peridot decided to use the straight-line depreciation method and recorded $160,000 in depreciation in 2019 and 2020. Early in 2021, the company revised the total estimated life of the machinery to eight years.Required:1. What type of change is this?2. Is Peridot required to revise prior years’ financial statements as a result of the change?3. Is Peridot required to provide a disclosure note to report the change?4. Determine depreciation for 2021.arrow_forward
- Intermediate Accounting: Reporting And AnalysisAccountingISBN:9781337788281Author:James M. Wahlen, Jefferson P. Jones, Donald PagachPublisher:Cengage Learning