Chapter 13, Problem 1FIB

Summary Introduction

Introduction:

Gene alteration in an organism by the use of genetic engineering techniques is called genetically modifies organisms. The genome of a genetically modified organism has been modified by using various artificial methods. Transgenic organisms are genetically modified by inserting genes from a different species. Most of the GMOs are transgenic organisms.

Answer to Problem 1FIB

Correct answer:

Genetically modified organisms OR Transgenic organisms are organisms that contain DNA that has been modified (usually) through use of (recombinant DNA technology) or derived from other species.

Explanation of Solution

Organisms whose genome is modified by the artificial methods are called genetically modified organisms. Alteration, addition, or replacement of genes within organisms for the modification results in the formation of GMOs. Some GMOs, such as sheep grow more wool and cows produce more milk.

Organisms whose genome is altered by the insertion of the foreign gene are termed as transgenic organisms. Insertion of natural or induced gene produces transgenic organisms. For example Transgenic mice, transgenic cows.

Conclusion

Recombinant DNA technology is used for the modification of genes within organisms. Such organisms have a modified genome called genetically modified organisms. The insertion of a foreign gene into the genome of an organism produces transgenic organisms.