Concept explainers
To determine:
Why the sequencing whole genomes present a challenge.
Concept introduction:
The genome refers to the total genetic material present in an organism. The determination of complete DNA sequences of an organism’s genome is called genome sequencing. There are various methods by which genomes can be sequenced such as Sanger sequencing method, shotgun sequencing method, pyrosequencing and others.
Explanation of Solution
The whole genome contains millions of DNA base pairs. The whole genome cannot be sequenced as such and therefore, the DNA strand is broken down into smaller fragments. The smaller fragments are then sequenced by sequencing machines to yield sequence of the DNA fragment.
One fragment is sequenced multiple times to avoid errors and therefore, a large number of fragments sequenced yields enormous amount of data that needs to be properly assembled to generate the correct sequence of the DNA. This task is particularly very difficult and possesses a challenge in sequencing of genomes.
The assembly of large amount of overlapping sequences of smaller fragments of DNA is very difficult that makes genome sequencing a challenging task.
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Chapter 13 Solutions
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