Concept explainers
Review Question 13.1 How would you determine the density of an irregularly shaped object?
The way of calculating the density of an irregular object.
Answer to Problem 1RQ
Solution:
Calculate the weight of the object with the help of a weighing machine. Then, divide it by the acceleration due to Earth’s gravity to find the mass of the object. Next, calculate the volume of the irregular object by sinking the object in a container with a fluid of a relatively less density. Now, check the change in the volume of the container before and after sinking the object. That change is the volume of the object. Now, divide the mass and volume of object values to find the density of the object.
Explanation of Solution
Introduction:
Mass is the measure of matter present in a body. It is a measure of inertia. It is constant for any object.
Weight is the force caused by gravitational acceleration on a mass:
Here,
Volume is a measure of the space enclosed by the object.
Density is calculated by dividing mass and volume:
Here
Explanation:
Weighing machines will calculate the force Earth exerts on the body:
Rearrange the above expression:
So, mass can be calculated by dividing weight with the acceleration due to gravity.
Now, to calculate the volume of the object, take a container that has a reading of volume on it. Assume that the initial reading of the fluid inside the container is
So, the change in volume is
This change is equal to the volume of the object.
Write the expression for density:
Substitute
This will be the value of density.
Conclusion:
Mass can be found out with the help of a weighing machine. Since the object is of an irregular shape, there is no direct formula for calculating the volume of the object by geometry. So, the best way is to calculate its volume by calculating the space that the object encloses. Then, divide both values to calculate its density.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 13 Solutions
MODIFIED MASTERING PHYSICS W/PEARSON
Additional Science Textbook Solutions
University Physics (14th Edition)
Applied Physics (11th Edition)
Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach, Vol. 1 (Chs 1-21) (4th Edition)
Physics (5th Edition)
Lecture- Tutorials for Introductory Astronomy
Physics: Principles with Applications
- At a fraternity party, drinking straws have been joined together to make a giant straw that will be used to drink punch placed in a bowl on the ground from atop the fraternity house building. What is the maximum allowable height of the building if the partygoers are successful in drinking the punch? Assume the density of the punch is the same as the density of water.arrow_forwardA hydrometer is an instrument used to determine liquid density. A simple one is sketched in Figure P14.16. The bulb of a syringe is squeezed and released to let the atmosphere lift a sample of the liquid of interest into a tube containing a calibrated rod of known density. The rod, of length L and average density 0, floats partially immersed in the liquid of density . A length h of the rod protrudes above the surface of the liquid. Show that the density of the liquid is given by =0LLh Figure P14.16 Problems 16 and 17arrow_forwardArchimedes' principle can be used to calculate the density of a fluid as well as that of a solid. Suppose a chunk of iron with a mass of 390.0 g in air is found to have an apparent mass of 350.5 g when completely submerged in an unknown liquid. (a) What mass of fluid does the iron displace? (b) What is the volume of iron, using its density as given in Table 11.1 (c) Calculate the fluid's density and identify it.arrow_forward
- What fraction of an iceberg floating in the ocean is above sea level? Assume the density of the iceberg is 917 kg/m3.arrow_forwardA straightforward method of finding the density of an object is to measure its mass and then measure its volume by submerging it in a graduated cylinder. What is the density of a 240-g rock that displaces 89.0 cm3 of water? (Note that the accuracy and practical applications of this technique are more limited than a variety of others that are based on Archimedes' principle.)arrow_forwardReview. Old Faithful Geyser in Yellowstone National Park erupts at approximately one-hour intervals, and the height of the water column reaches 40.0 m (Fig. P14.25). (a) Model the rising stream as a series of separate droplets. Analyze the free-fall motion of one of the droplets to determine the speed at which the water leaves the ground. (b) What If? Model the rising stream as an ideal fluid in streamline flow. Use Bernoullis equation to determine the speed of the water as it leaves ground level. (c) How does the answer from part (a) compare with the answer from part (b)? (d) What is the pressure (above atmospheric) in the heated underground chamber if its depth is 175 m? Assume the chamber is large compared with the geysers vent. Figure P14.25arrow_forward
- A hypodermic syringe contain a medicine with the density of water (Fig. P9.37). The barrel of the syringe has a cross-sectional area of in the absence of a force on the plunger, the pressure everywhere is 1.00 atm. A force F of magnitude 2.00 N is exerted on the plunger, making medicine squirt from the needle. Determine the medicines How speed through the needle. Assume the pressure in the needle remains equal to 1.00 atm and that the syringe is horizontal. Figure P9.37arrow_forwardGauge pressure in the fluid surrounding an infant's brain may rise as high as 85.0 mm Hg (5 to 12 mm Hg is normal), creating an outward force large enough to make the skull grow abnormally large. (a) Calculate this outward force in newtons on each side of an infant's skull if the effective area of each side is 70.0 cm2. (b) What is the net force acting on the skull?arrow_forwardA hypodermic syringe contain a medicine with the density of water (Fig. P9.37). The barrel of the syringe has a cross-sectional area of in the absence of a force on the plunger, the pressure everywhere is 1.00 atm. A force F of magnitude 2.00 N is exerted on the plunger, making medicine squirt from the needle. Determine the medicines How speed through the needle. Assume the pressure in the needle remains equal to 1.00 atm and that the syringe is horizontal. Figure P9.37arrow_forward
- Blood is flowing through an artery of radius 2 mm at a rate of 40 cm/s. Determine the flow rate and the volume that passes through the artery in a period of 30 s.arrow_forwardWhat is the pressure inside an alveolus having a radius of 2.50104 m if the surface tension of the fluid-lined wall is the same as for soapy water? You may assume the pressure is the same as that created by a spherical bubble.arrow_forwardThe alveoli in emphysema victims are damaged and effectively form larger sacs. Construct a problem in which you calculate the loss of pressure due to surface tension in the alveoli because of their larger average diameters. (Part of the lung's ability to expel air results from pressure created by surface tension in the alveoli.) Among the things to consider are the normal surface tension of the fluid lining the alveoli, the average alveolar radius in normal individuals and its average in emphysema sufferers.arrow_forward
- An Introduction to Physical SciencePhysicsISBN:9781305079137Author:James Shipman, Jerry D. Wilson, Charles A. Higgins, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage LearningGlencoe Physics: Principles and Problems, Student...PhysicsISBN:9780078807213Author:Paul W. ZitzewitzPublisher:Glencoe/McGraw-HillPhysics for Scientists and Engineers, Technology ...PhysicsISBN:9781305116399Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning
- College PhysicsPhysicsISBN:9781938168000Author:Paul Peter Urone, Roger HinrichsPublisher:OpenStax CollegePhysics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations...PhysicsISBN:9781133939146Author:Katz, Debora M.Publisher:Cengage Learning