EBK BROCK BIOLOGY OF MICROORGANISMS
15th Edition
ISBN: 8220103633352
Author: Stahl
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 13, Problem 2AQ
For the following sequences, construct the phylogenetic tree that best depicts their evolutionary relationships.
Taxon 1: GTTCCCTTA
Taxon 2: GTTCGGTAT
Taxon 3: GAAAAACCCTAT
Taxon 4: CTTCCCTTT
Taxon 5: GTAAAACCCGAT
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Study the diagrams below. The diagrams represent four possible phylogenetic trees showing the
relationship between the four species: M, L, S, and R.
B
A
M
LS R
M
LR
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R
SML
RM S
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What is the plausible explanation for the appearance of autapomorphic character c in species L and S of
tree A although they do not share a most recent common ancestor?
Examine the following phylogenetic tree illustrated in Figure shown in the picture.
In general, what does a phylogenetic tree illustrate?
How do you compare the relationships of organisms BB, CC, and DD?
Please help to creating parsimonious treesFor the following DNA sequences determine the most parsimonious phylogeny.
Tree ASpecies 1 AATTGCGGGATATATCGCGGGGAAATTTACGACTSpecies 2 AATGTCGGGATATATCGCGGGGAAATTTACGACTSpecies 3 AATTGCGGGATATATCGCGGGGAAATTTACGACT
Tree BSpecies 1 AATTGCGGGATATATCGCGGGGAAATTTACGACTSpecies 2 AACTGCGGCATATATCGCGGGGAAATTAACGACTSpecies 3 AAGTGCGCCATATATCGCCCGGATAATTTCGAGA
Tree CSpecies 1 CCGTATGACCGGGTATAAATCGCGCCCGGGATCTGCSpecies 2 CCGTATGAGGGGGTATATATCGGGCGCGGGATCTGCSpecies 3 CCGTATGACCGGGTATAAATCGCGCCCGGGATCTGCSpecies 4 CCGTATGAGGGGGTATATATCGGGCGCGGGATCTGC
Tree DSpecies 1 GGGATATAGCGCACGATATCGTAGCCTAACGTTTTACGSpecies 2 GGGATATAGCGCACGATATCGTAAGCTAACGTTTTACGSpecies 3 AAAATATAGGCGTGGATATCGTAGCCTAACGTTGCATTSpecies 4 GGGATATACCGCACGTTATCGATCCCTAACGTTTTACG
Chapter 13 Solutions
EBK BROCK BIOLOGY OF MICROORGANISMS
Ch. 13.1 - What characteristics would have made the surface...Ch. 13.1 - How do we know when oceans were first present on...Ch. 13.1 - What lines of reasoning support the hypothesis...Ch. 13.1 - What is LUCA, and what is a plausible explanation...Ch. 13.2 - Why is the origin of cyanobacteria considered a...Ch. 13.2 - What caused the development of banded iron...Ch. 13.2 - What lines of evidence indicate that microbial...Ch. 13.2 - Why was the origin of cyanobacteria of such...Ch. 13.3 - What kinds of evidence support the three-domain...Ch. 13.3 - What is LUCA and what are some of its...
Ch. 13.3 - Which of the three domains is the least ancient?Ch. 13.3 - What evidence supports the classification of life...Ch. 13.4 - What evidence supports the idea that the...Ch. 13.4 - In what ways are modern eukaryotes a combination...Ch. 13.4 - Describe the different hypotheses for the...Ch. 13.4 - What is the endosymbiotic hypothesis for the...Ch. 13.5 - What are the different processes that give rise to...Ch. 13.5 - What is the difference between selection and...Ch. 13.5 - In the experiment of Figure 13.12, why did the...Ch. 13.5 - What is fitness? To what degree does fitness...Ch. 13.6 - What is the difference between the core and pan...Ch. 13.6 - What kind of recombination might have the greatest...Ch. 13.6 - What effects do deletions have on the evolution of...Ch. 13.6 - What are some processes that influence the content...Ch. 13.7 - How are DNA sequences obtained for phylogenetic...Ch. 13.7 - What does a phylogenetic tree depict?Ch. 13.7 - Prob. 3MQCh. 13.7 - What is the difference between a gene tree and an...Ch. 13.8 - What is the difference between taxonomy and...Ch. 13.8 - What are some key criteria from the phylogenetic...Ch. 13.8 - How many species of Bacteria and Archaea have been...Ch. 13.8 - What is the "species problem" and why is the...Ch. 13.9 - What class of genes is used in MLST analyses?Ch. 13.9 - How is ribotyping different from rep-PCR?Ch. 13.9 - What is FAME analysis?Ch. 13.9 - Prob. 1CRCh. 13.10 - What roles do culture collections play in...Ch. 13.10 - What is the IJSEM and what taxonomic function does...Ch. 13.10 - Why might viable cell cultures be of more use in...Ch. 13.10 - Prob. 1CRCh. 13 - Compare and contrast the physical and chemical...Ch. 13 - For the following sequences, construct the...Ch. 13 - Imagine that you have been given several bacterial...Ch. 13 - Imagine that you have discovered a new form of...
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- Please create a phylogenetic (evolutionary) tree given this criteria and follow all points! There are three domains of life - Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. Start by drawing these three main branches. Then add branches for plants, animals, fungi, and protists. When adding all these branches, don't just add them randomly. The branching pattern reflects evolutionary relationships. You should use the relationships/branching patterns. Then add additional branches for • three species of bacteria • three species of archaea three species of plants three species of animals • three species of fungi • three species of protists (single-celled eukaryotes) You can pick any species you want. For each species, be sure to add 1 synapomorphy (shared derived character) that defines the species or group. • Finally, label the tree with all the terms (parts of a tree, not phylogenetic groups) when describing a phylogenetic tree.arrow_forwardThe universal phylogenetic tree of life shows the divergence of Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. Studies of Lokiarchaeota help to elucidate these relationships, but the first universal tree of life was constructed by Carl Woese using ribosomal RNA sequences. There are advantages to using different types of nucleic acid for different types of analyses. What is a specific advantage of using small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) gene sequences for phylogenetic analysis compared with DNA sequences? ▸ View Available Hint(s) SSU rRNA sequences accumulate mutations more rapidly than protein-encoding DNA. SSU rRNA is frequently transferred through horizontal gene transfer, whereas DNA sequences are not. Primers are required in DNA sequence analysis, but not for SSU rRNA sequence analysis. Although PCR products can be visualized with SSU rRNA, this is not the case with other forms of nucleic acids. DNA sequences are too highly conserved to work well for sequence analysis; individual species are…arrow_forwardStudy the sequences below. Construct a molecular cladogram from the different amino acid sequences given. Assume that the sequences are already compared between species and have been aligned as shown. Species 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 ACT G G C G AT C G 1 2 3 4 5 A C A G ACT G C G C G C T T C G T T C G T C G C A T C G T A C G A C G A C T G C C G T T C G C A T C G T A C G A C T G GAA C G GATC GA C G A T C G C A T C G т A C Garrow_forward
- Based on the information from the following table and the provided phylogenetic tree, what kind of species classification is shown? A B C D E F G H 1 J K L M N O Form of Male Genitalia 1 1 L L L L L L L L L L L L L r T Pits) or Tubercles E P P T T T T T P P P P P Р P P O Phenetic Species Concept O Blological Species Concept O Phylogenetic Species Concept O Sympatric Species Concept Blayple (OUTGROUP) beaver Dan, AZ -Twentynine Paime, CA -Harkavilla, UT D-Chilchinbio, NM -Vermilion Cas. AZ 64 -F-Mone Lake, CA -G-Coral Pink Danes, UT H-Pyramid Lake, N -Crescent Dunes, MV Meno Lake CA -K-Olancha CA -Olancha, CA --Winnemucca, NV -El Mirage, CA Lo-Dumont Dunes, CA Form of dorsal ridges M₁ M₁ FFFFFFFFFF M Ma M₂ M₂arrow_forwardFrom the DNA sequence data for the eight species (A through H) shown below, what is the genetic distance between Species A and Species C? O 4 5 6 1 O 7 2 3 4 Species A ACCAGCCTGTGCATCGATGACGACTAAGTGATACCATAAAG ACT Species B ACCAGCCTGTGCATCGATGACGACTAAGTGATACCATAAAGACT Species C ACGAGCATGTGCATCGATGCCGACTAAGTGATACCATAATGACT Species D ACGAGCATGTGCATCGATGCCGACTAAGTGATACCATAATGACT Species ACCAGCATGTGTATCGATGCCGACTAAGTGATACCAAAATGACT E Species Species F ACCAGCATGTGTATCGATGCCGACTAAGTGATACCAAAATGACT G ACCAGCATGTGTATCGATGCCGACTAAGTGCTACCATAATGACT Species H ACCAGCATGTGTATCGATGCCGACTAAGTGCTACCATAATGACT 5 6 7arrow_forwardDraw a simple phylogenetic tree for two sisters clades with a common ancestor. Each sister clade consists of two taxa. Define the following terms and use to label your diagram: clade, node, branch, common ancestor, and taxon.arrow_forward
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Phylogenetic Mysteries: Crash Course Zoology #12; Author: CrashCourse;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cVaw7nF72Aw;License: Standard youtube license