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What are homologous chromosomes?
a. chromosomes that are similar in their size, shape, and gene content
b. similar chromosomes that are found in different individuals of the same species
c. the two “threads” in a replicated chromosome (they are identical copies)
d. the products of crossing over, which contain a combination of segments from maternal chromosomes and segments from paternal chromosomes
Introduction:
Chromosomes are the thread-like structure that carries the genetic information of an organism. They are made up of nucleic acids and proteins and are found in the nucleus of most of the living cells.
Answer to Problem 2TYK
Correct answer:
Homologous chromosomes are the chromosomes that are similar in their shape, size and gene content.
Explanation of Solution
Explanation for the correct answer:
Option (a) is given that the chromosomes similar in their size, shape, and gene content. Homologous chromosomes contain one chromosome from the maternal side and one chromosome from the paternal side that have the tendency to pair up with each other during the process of the meiosis. In homologous chromosomes equal number of genes are present at the equal at same corresponding position in the chromosomes. It is important to note that these chromosomes are similar and are not considered to be identical. Hence, option (a) is correct.
Explanation for incorrect answers:
Option (b) is given that similar chromosomes that are found in different individuals of the same species. The homologous chromosomes are specifically similar to each other in size, shape, and gene content. So, it is a wrong answer.
Option (c) is given that the two threads in a replicated chromosome. The sister chromatid is the identical duplicates, which are produced by the replication of the chromosomes. They are fused together at the same centromere and are homologous chromatids and not the homologous chromosomes. So, it is a wrong answer.
Option (d) is given that a product of the crossing over, which contain a combination of the segments from the maternal chromosomes and segments from the paternal chromosomes. Homologous chromosomes are not the product of the crossing over instead crossing over takes place in between the homologous chromosomes. So, it is a wrong answer.
Hence, options (b), (c), and (d) are incorrect.
Thus, it can be concluded that the chromosomes having the same shape, size, and genetic content are known as homologous chromosomes or homologs.
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Chapter 13 Solutions
Biological Science (Custom)
- What are homologous chromosomes? a. The two halves of a replicated chromosome b. Two identical chromosomes from one parent c. Two genetically identical chromosomes, one from each parent d. Two genetically similar chromosomes, one from each parentarrow_forwardA) Hoe many cells are produced by the end of meiosis II? B) Are the cells produced at the end of meiosis II haploid or diploid? C) Are the chromosomes of the four final meiotic products replicated or nonreplicated?arrow_forwardWhich process results in two daughter cells each having the same number of chromosomes as the parent?arrow_forward
- a) In which stage of mitosis do chromosomes condense? (b) If a eukaryotic organism has a total of 34 chromosomes, how many pairs will the chromosomes be arranged in? (c) Define homologous chromosomes.arrow_forwardAnalyze the experiment of Stern, and explain how it indicated that recombinant offspring carry chromosomes that are the result of crossing over?arrow_forwardGenetic recombination occurs by which process? a. independent assortment b. crossing over c. chromosome segregation d. sister chromatidsarrow_forward
- If a muscle cell in a frog has 28 chromosomes how many chromosomes will an unfertilized egg produced by this same frog have? Group of answer choices a. 7 b. 28 c. 35 d. 14 e. 56arrow_forwardGive explanation X and Y chromosomes are not homologs, but in meiosis they do pair and segregate in XY organisms to create 50% haploid gametes with an X chromosome and 50% haploid gametes with a Y chromosome. How is pairing achieved? a. Since all other homologous chromosomes pair, the remaining two chromosomes pair by default. b Pairing proteins are capable of binding to different genes on the X and Y chromosomes, which allows them to pair. c. None of the statements is correct. d. They don't actually pair. Random segregation generally ensures the X and Y chromosomes separate. e.Pseudoautosomal regions that are homologous exist at the tips of both the X and Y chromosomes, and they allow pairing.arrow_forwardFor part c, do they consider the total sex chromosomes to be 2 or 3?arrow_forward
- Which statement is true of meiosis? 1)two identical cells in both divisions 2)the first division produces haploid cells and the second produces diploid cells 3)the first division produces diploid cells and the second produces haploid cells 4) the products of both meiotic divisions are haploidarrow_forwardHow are mitosis and meiosis alike? How are they different? Write a statement to compare and contrast mitosis and meiosis.arrow_forwardWhat is a genetically identical copy of an organism? a.Karyotype b.Clone c.Autosome d.Diploidarrow_forward
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