Loose Leaf For Explorations: Introduction To Astronomy
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781260432145
Author: Thomas T Arny, Stephen E Schneider Professor
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Question
Chapter 13, Problem 4TQ
To determine
The difference between luminosity and brightness and the way in which it is similar to the difference between force and pressure.
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Describe what would happen to the luminosity of a star if its temperature doubles and its radius becomes 10 times smaller.
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Use the mass-luminosity relation to calculate the luminosity.
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Chapter 13 Solutions
Loose Leaf For Explorations: Introduction To Astronomy
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- Appendix J lists the stars that appear brightest in our sky. Are most of these hotter or cooler than the Sun? Can you suggest a reason for the difference between this answer and the answer to the previous question? (Hint: Look at the luminosities.) Is there any tendency for a correlation between temperature and luminosity? Are there exceptions to the correlation?arrow_forwardWhich of the following can you determine about a star without knowing its distance, and which can you not determine: radial velocity, temperature, apparent brightness, or luminosity? Explain.arrow_forwardWhat elements are stars mostly made of? How do we know this?arrow_forward
- What causes reddening of starlight? Explain how the reddish color of the Sun’s disk at sunset is caused by the same process.arrow_forwardEstimating the luminosity class of an M star is much more important than measuring it for an O star if you are determining the distance to that star. Why is that the case?arrow_forwardA G2 star has a luminosity 100 times that of the Sun. What kind of star is it? How does its radius compare with that of the Sun?arrow_forward
- Describe the evolution of a white dwarf over time, in particular how the luminosity, temperature, and radius change.arrow_forwardDescribe the evolution of a star with a mass similar to that of the Sun, from the protostar stage to the time it first becomes a red giant. Give the description in words and then sketch the evolution on an HR diagram.arrow_forwardOur Sun, a type G star, has a surface temperature of 5800 K. We know, therefore, that it is cooler than a type O star and hotter than a type M star. Given what you learned about the temperature ranges of these types of stars, how many times hotter than our Sun is the hottest type O star? How many times cooler than our Sun is the coolest type M star?arrow_forward
- How do the two types of supernovae discussed in this chapter differ? What kind of star gives rise to each type?arrow_forwardA planet orbits 1 AU from a star that is 3.5 times as massive as our Sun. How does the star's luminosity compare? If the star has the same radius as our Sun, what is the temperature of the star compared to the Sun? If Earth's average temperature is 287 K and the Sun were replaced with this star, how would its average temperature change? (Enter a temperature in K. Assume that Earth temperature is proportional to solar flux.)arrow_forwardExplain why the sky is blue and how that relates to reflection nebulae.arrow_forward
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