Campbell Biology: Concepts.. (Custom Package)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781323042649
Author: Central Texas
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 13, Problem 8TYK
Within a few weeks of treatment with the drug 3TC, a patient’s HIV population consists entirely of 3TC-resistant viruses. How can this result best be explained?
a. HIV can change its surface proteins and resist vaccines.
b. The patient must have become reinfected with a resistant virus.
c. A few drug-resistant viruses were present at the start of treatment, and natural selection increased their frequency.
d. HIV began making drug-resistant versions of its enzymes in response to the drug.
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As people use more of an antibiotic, the number of bacteria that are resistant to that antibiotic increase. Which statement describes a mechanism behind this trend?
(A.) People’s bodies become more resistant to antibiotics after exposure to them
(B.) Antibiotic molecules get weaker over time due to natural selection
(C.) The antibiotic kills sensitive bacteria, and any bacteria resistant to it multiply to take their place
(D.) Bacteria take up antibiotics and integrate them into their own DNA
Imagine that some lizards from both islands are brought to a laboratory and lizards from each population are separately bred for a generation. The offspring resemble their parents (i.e. they look like lizards from their home island). Does this support or contradict the idea that evolution has occurred?
Group of answer choices
a. support because it implies that a genetic change has occurred
b. contradict because the lizards were removed from the islands
c. support because the phenotype matches the environment
d. contradict because the environment is different in the lab
e. support because it is a major change in phenotype
Who developed the theory of Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics that suggested morphological changes that occur within an individual’s lifespan can be transmitted to offspring (also known as the use-disuse theory)?
Group of answer choices
A-Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
B-Alfred Russel Wallace
C-Erasmus Darwin
D-Thomas Malthus
E-James Hutton
Chapter 13 Solutions
Campbell Biology: Concepts.. (Custom Package)
Ch. 13 - Summarize the key points of Darwins theory of...Ch. 13 - Complete this concept map describing potential...Ch. 13 - Which of the following did not influence Darwin as...Ch. 13 - Natural selection is sometimes described as...Ch. 13 - In an area of erratic rainfall, a biologist found...Ch. 13 - If an allele is recessive and lethal in...Ch. 13 - In a population with two alleles, B and b, the...Ch. 13 - Within a few weeks of treatment with the drug 3TC,...Ch. 13 - Prob. 9TYKCh. 13 - Write a paragraph briefly describing the kinds of...
Ch. 13 - In the early 1800s, French naturalist Jean...Ch. 13 - Sickle-cell disease is caused by a recessive...Ch. 13 - It seems logical that natural selection would work...Ch. 13 - SCIENTIFIC THINKING Cetaceans are fully aquatic...Ch. 13 - A population of snails is preyed on by birds that...Ch. 13 - Advocates of scientific creationism and...
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- Evolution______ . a. is change in a line of descent b. is the same as natural selection c. is the goal of natural selection d. explains the origin of lifearrow_forwardHow did Darwin support the idea that natural selection can produce evolutionary change? Group of answer choices A. he examined how humans produced domesticated plant and animal breeds B. he just thought it had to be true C. he invented a time machine to go back and check it out for himself D. he observed wild populations to see natural selection in actionarrow_forwardWhat does the term evolution mean? A. The characteristics of species become more complex over time. B. The strongest individuals produce the most offspring. C. The characteristics of an individual change through the course of its life, in response to natural selection. D. The characteristics of populations change through time.arrow_forward
- Which is a question Lamarck MOST LIKELY would have asked when developing his evolutionary hypothesis? A. Is artificial selection the basis for evolution? B. Is evolutionary change the result of survival of the fittest? C. Can body structures change according to the actions of the organism? D. Can a small population size increase the rate of evolution?arrow_forwardwhich statement serves as evidence that Darwin’s theory of evolution had prediction power? a. It could be proven incorrect with the discovery of fossils of complex organisms found in the oldest fossil deposits. b. It could be proven incorrect with the discovery of amphibians and large land mammals on remote oceanic islands. c. It could be used to describe the evolution of large-billed finches on the Galapagos Islands. d. It could be used to hypothesize that fossils of the most primitive human ancestors would be found on the African continent.arrow_forwardWhich scientific concept did Charles Darwin and Alfred Wallace independently discover? a. mutation b. natural selection c. overbreeding d. sexual reproductionarrow_forward
- The fact that DNA sequences are more similar in more closely related organisms is evidence of what? a. optimal design in organisms b. adaptation c. mutation d. descent with modificationarrow_forwardAccording to Darwin’s model of evolution, evolution can only occur if there is some variation present among the individual members of a population. Which statement best describes the source of this variation among members of a species? A) variation exists because different individuals will have different access to food and other resources B) individuals will vary depending on geography and climate C) variation exists because not all genes will be affected D) variation among individuals may arise as a result of mutations in the genetic codearrow_forwardWhich question below directly corresponds to whether Lamarck or Darwin are correct about their theories of the mechanisms of evolution? A.) Why don’t the shorter neck giraffes feed on grasses and lower vegetation? B.) How would the shorter necked giraffes in Lamarck’s theory survive to reproduce and pass on the “need” for longer necks if they were unable to reach food? C.) Why won’t the taller necked giraffes in Darwin’s theory provide assistance to the shorter giraffes since they are the same species? D.) Will the smaller giraffes be more adapted to hide from predators since they wouldn’t be visible from greater distances?arrow_forward
- Consider Lamarck’s idea in a hypothetical situation. For example, you decided that when you have children, you want them to be big ang strong. You decided to go to the gym every day for a year. You did all your exercise routines diligently and you were able to develop really bulky and toned muscles because you believed that your kids would inherit your big impressive muscles. Do you think this would work? Justify your answer using the concepts you have learned from Genetics, as well as Darwin’s concept of evolution.arrow_forwardWhy are humans so genetically similar within our species? A. Humans are not very genetically similar to one another. B. Because humans evolved in one location (Africa) and we have existed as a species for very long time. C. Because humans evolved in multiple locations around the world at different times. D. Because humans evolved in one location (Africa) and we haven't existed as a species for very long.arrow_forwardWhich is the best description of evolution? A. Animals become more complex over time. B. Plants become more complex over time. C. Life changes over time. D. Allele frequencies change in a population.arrow_forward
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