Introduction:
Nociceptors are the sensory neurons and are located in the deep structures of the body. The signals produced by these receptors in deep body tissues are biologically as well as clinically important.
Answer to Problem 1RAC
The correct answer is option (c) painful mechanical, chemical, or thermal stimuli.
Explanation of Solution
Explanation for the correct answer:
Option (c) painful mechanical, chemical, or thermal stimuli. Nociceptors are the neurons that sense the pain and respond to potentially damaging stimuli. These neurons respond to stimuli by transferring threat signals to the spinal cord and brain. So, the correct answer is option (c).
Explanation for incorrect answer:
Option (a) changes in temperature at the site of the receptor. Nociceptors respond to the extreme alterations in temperature that induce pain. So, this is an incorrect option.
Option (b) compression, bending, or stretching of cells. The compression, stretching of cells, or bending can stimulate the nociceptors. However, the stretching or bending outside a normal range only can cause pain. So, this is an incorrect option.
Option (d) light striking a receptor cell. The light striking a particular receptor cell must be strong enough to induce pain in order to trigger a nociceptor reaction. So, this is an incorrect option.
Nociceptors mainly respond to damaging stimuli such as painful mechanical, thermal, or
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Chapter 14 Solutions
SEELEY'S ANATOMY CUSTOM LL
- A device that monitors the activity of the photoreceptor cells of the eye indicates that there is a constant flow of neurotransmitter being released by the photoreceptor cells. This information implies that the subject is a. reading. b. in a dark room. c. outside in sunlight. d. in a brightly lit auditorium. e. focusing on a distant object.arrow_forwardNerve impulses generated by nociceptors are interpreted bythe brain asa. fine touch.b. heat.c. pain.d. pressure.arrow_forwardWhich category of touch receptor would likely provide the least amount of useful information in very-old/senior age? (hint: think about cortical plasticity) a. Pacinian Corpuscles b. Meissner Cells c. Merkel Cells d. Ruffini Endingsarrow_forward
- Which statement about a center-surround receptive field is false? Select one: a. It can involve an inhibitory response (e.g., to touch) b. It is characterized by a circular center and a doughnut-shaped surround c. It is found only in primary sensory cortex d. It can be mapped by electrophysiological recording techniques e. It can involve an excitatory response (e.g., to touch)arrow_forwardWhat does the neuron composition of the dorsal root ganglion tell you about sensory coding in the somatosensory system? a. The large axon sizes have a slower conduction velocity than small axon sizes. b. The uniform axon sizes for all neurons indicate that they have the same conduction velocity. c. Multiple modalities or sensations can be detected from the skin. d. Only a single modality or sensation can be detected from the skin. e. Processing must occur directly in the skin since the neurons in the dorsal root ganglion are second order neurons.arrow_forwardMechanoreceptors involved in maintaining muscle tone andbody posture are calleda. cutaneous receptors.b. pain receptors.c. proprioceptors.d. statocysts.arrow_forward
- Decreased sensitivity to a continued stimulus is calleda. adaptation. d. conduction.b. projection. e. phantom pain.c. translation.arrow_forwardThe organization of input to the primary somatosensory cortex is and , a. columnar; made up of input from one type of receptor; found only in area 3b b. distributed; made up of input from multiple receptor types; found throughout primary sensory cortex c. columnar; made up of input from one type of receptor; found throughout primary sensory cortex d. distributed; made up of input from multiple receptor types; found only in area 1 e. columnar; made up of input from one type of receptor; found only in area 1arrow_forwardWhen light hits the center of an ON-center receptive field, which of the following processes occur: a. Photoreceptors release more glutamate; bipolar cells release more glutamate; retinal ganglion cells decrease rate of APs. b. Photoreceptors release less glutamate; bipolar cells release less glutamate; retinal ganglion cells decrease rate of APs. c. Photoreceptors release less glutamate; bipolar cells release more glutamate; retinal ganglion cells increase rate of APs. d. Photoreceptors release more glutamate; bipolar cells release more glutamate; ganglion cells increase rate of APs.arrow_forward
- Where are the neurons located in the cortex that receive mechanosensory input from your left hand? a. In Broadman’s area 3a on both sides. b. The hand is not represented by neurons in the cortex. c. In the left primary somatosensory cortex (S1). d. None of the answers. e. In the right primary somatosensory cortex (S1).arrow_forwardWhich category of touch receptors would likely provide the least amount of useful information in very old/senior age? (hint: think about cortical plasticity) a. Pacinian Corpuscles b. Meissner Cells c. Merkel Cells d. Ruffini Endingsarrow_forwardFill out the information indicated for tactile receptors in the table below: Name Structure Location Function. (encapsulated or unencapsulated?) Tactile disc Tactile corpuscle Free nerve endings End bulb Bulbous corpuscle Root hair plexus Lamellated corpusclearrow_forward
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