Concept explainers
Introduction: A mutation is a sudden change in the genome of an organism. The change obtained can be hereditary or can be influenced by means of a mutagen. The period of mutagen exposure determines the degree by which an organism is affected.
Answer to Problem 1TY
Correct answer: A mutation in which there is a removal of single base pair within the coding sequence of a gene and the inactivation of the protein encoded by the gene is called “a frameshift mutation”. Hence, the correct answer is option d.
Explanation of Solution
Reason for correct answer:
The addition and deletion of a single base pair in DNA results in frameshift mutations. In this type of mutation, there is a shifting of the reading frame at the site of mutation which results in the formation of non-functional genes.
Option d. is given as “a frameshift mutation.”
A type of mutation in which there is a deletion of single base pair in the coding sequence of a gene and the inactivation of the protein encoded by the genes is called “a frameshift mutation”. Hence, the correct answer is option d.
Reason for incorrect answer:
Option a. is given as “a silent mutation.”
A silent mutation is a type of point mutation and it does not affect the gene product. Hence, option a. is incorrect.
Option b. is given as “a missense mutation.”
The missense mutations take place by means of base substitutions. Hence, option b. is incorrect.
Option c. is given as, “a nonsense mutation.”
When the process of translation terminates by means of stop codon, the formed protein can be short and nonfunctional. Such mutation is called as nonsense mutation. Hence, option c. is incorrect.
Option e. is given as “both b and c.”
Both missense mutation and nonsense mutation cannot be expressed by the means addition or deletion of
Hence, the options a., b., c. and e. are incorrect.
A “frameshift mutation” is a mutation in which there is a removal of a single base pair within the coding sequence and the inactivation of the protein encoded by the gene.
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Chapter 14 Solutions
Biolody 4th Edition (Broward College Central 2017 Ed) BSC 2010
- Suppose you are studying two different mutations in a gene that codes for a protein. In the first, a nonsense mutation occurs near the beginning of the gene. In the second, a nonsense mutation occurs near the end of a gene. Which mutation is more likely to affect the proteins function? Why?arrow_forwardExplain point mutations and frameshift mutations. Which is more apt to disrupt the structure and or function of a protein coded for by a gene? Why?arrow_forward. Discuss how mutations may arise in DNA, and the potential consequences for gene function if a point mutation were to occur in (a) the coding region of a gene, and (b) the non-coding regulatory region of a gene.arrow_forward
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- You are curious to identify the region of the gene X sequence that serves as an enhancer for gene expression. Design an experiment to investigate this issue.arrow_forwardIf a mutation in a homeotic gene produced the following phenotypes, would you expect it to be a loss-of-function or a gain-offunction mutation? Explain your answer. A. An abdominal segment has antennae attached to it. B. The most anterior abdominal segment resembles the most posterior thoracic segment. C. The most anterior thoracic segment resembles the most posterior abdominal segment.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is NOT an outcome of a point mutation? A) position effect B) no effect at all on the phenotype of an organism C) the last half of a protein is not made D) an intron is not removed resulting in a frame-shifted protein E) temperature-sensitive proteinarrow_forward
- Which of the following best represents the central dogma of geneexpression?a. During transcription, DNA codes for polypeptides.b. During transcription, DNA codes for mRNA, which codes forpolypeptides during translation.c. During translation, DNA codes for mRNA, which codes forpolypeptides during transcription.d. none of the abovearrow_forwardIn the paper we read at the beginning of the term the coat color differences in the beach mice were driven by change in the melanocortin-1 (MCR-1) gene between the color morphs. Based on this information what can you conclude about the mutation causing the color change? a. It is a nonsynonymous substitution. b. The mutation is considered silent. c. The mutation is a transition. d. It is a synonymous substitution.arrow_forwardA mutation that changes the sequence of nucleotides in a promoter would result in a change in a. The amino acid sequence of the corresponding protein b. The base sequence of the corresponding mRNA c. How frequently the corresponding gene is transcribed d. The fidelity of translation of the corresponding mRNA 1 pointsarrow_forward
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