21st Century Astronomy
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780393428063
Author: Kay
Publisher: NORTON
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Chapter 14, Problem 3QP
To determine
The cause for sunspot, solar flares and coronal mass ejections.
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21.
While observing the Sun, you note a large number of sunspots. What can you conclude?
This is a period of low solar activity.
Earth's climate will be unusually cold.
The Sun is less luminous than usual.
There are likely to be an above average number of flares and prominences.
The Sun's rotation is slower than average.
Match the Solar feature to its description. (Select P-Photosphere, C-Chromosphere, O-cOrona, W-solar Wind, F-Flares, T- sunspoTs. If the first is P and the rest C, enterPCCCCC). A) dark regions associated with the Sun's magnetic fieldB) flow of particles from the SunC) bright visible surface of the SunD) hot, rarefied gas surrounding the SunE) place where the majority of absorption lines formF) burst of energy that shows up as a sudden brightening of the Sun
Why does the Sun not collapse under its enormous weight?
a) The Sun is about 4.6 billion years old. If it could have collapsed by now , it would have.
b) Because the Sun is in hydrostatic equilibrium.
c) Because the Sun is not in hydrostatic equilibrium.
d)More than one of the above.
Chapter 14 Solutions
21st Century Astronomy
Ch. 14.1 - Prob. 14.1ACYUCh. 14.1 - Prob. 14.1BCYUCh. 14.2 - Prob. 14.2CYUCh. 14.3 - Prob. 14.3CYUCh. 14.4 - Prob. 14.4CYUCh. 14 - Prob. 1QPCh. 14 - Prob. 2QPCh. 14 - Prob. 3QPCh. 14 - Prob. 4QPCh. 14 - Prob. 5QP
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- From the information in Figure 15.21, estimate the speed with which the particles in the CME in parts (c) and (d) are moving away from the Sun. Figure 15.21 Flare and Coronal Mass Ejection. This sequence of four images shows the evolution over time of a giant eruption on the Sun. (a) The event began at the location of a sunspot group, and (b) a flare is seen in far-ultraviolet light. (c) Fourteen hours later, a CME is seen blasting out into space. (d) Three hours later, this CME has expanded to form a giant cloud of particles escaping from the Sun and is beginning the journey out into the solar system. The white circle in (c) and (d) shows the diameter of the solar photosphere. The larger dark area shows where light from the Sun has been blocked out by a specially designed instrument to make it possible to see the faint emission from the corona. (credit a, b, c, d: modification of work by SOHO/EIT, SOHO/LASCO, SOHO/MDI (ESA & NASA))arrow_forwardIf a sunspot has a temperature of 4200 K and the average solar photosphere has a temperature of 5800 K, how many times brighter is a square meter of the photosphere compared to a square meter of the sunspot? (Hint: Use the Stefan-Boltzmann law in Reasoning with Numbers 6-1.)arrow_forwardSince the rotation period of the Sun can be determined by observing the apparent motions of sunspots, a correction must be made for the orbital motion of Earth. Explain what the correction is and how it arises. Making some sketches may help answer this question.arrow_forward
- Neutrinos produced in the core of the Sun carry energy to its exterior. Is the mechanism for this energy transport conduction, convection, or radiation?arrow_forwardDescribe how energy makes its way from the nuclear core of the Sun to the atmosphere. Include the name of each layer and how energy moves through the layer.arrow_forwardWhy was the detection of solar neutrinos important? a) They have been suggested as an important source of solar energy. b) They provide direct evidence for solar oscillations. c) The provide direct evidence for the proton-proton chain. Where does nuclear energy production (fusion) occur in the Sun? a) In the nuclear zone b) In all layers of the Sun c) In the photosphere d) In the corearrow_forward
- The energy produced from the Sun's core passes through Sun's layers and travels through empty space. Which two types of heat transfer are used in this process?arrow_forwardWhy are measurements of the Sun's 10.7 cm radio emission used to monitor the state of the solar cycle? Choose allcorrect answers.A. It provides a repeatable, objective measurement of solar activityB. It serves as a good proxy for EUV emissionsC. It is measured from space, so it is not affected by cloudsD. It can be used to predict the occurrence of coronal mass ejectionsarrow_forwardSomeone suggests that astronomers build a special gamma-ray detector to detect gamma rays produced during the proton-proton chain in the core of the Sun, just like they built a neutrino detector. Explain why this would be a fruitless effort.arrow_forward
- Describe the two main ways that energy travels through the Sun.arrow_forwardExplain how mathematical computer models allow us to understand what is going on inside of the Sun.arrow_forwardThis chapter gives the average sunspot cycle as 11 years. Verify this using Figure 15.26. Figure 15.26 Numbers of Sunspots over Time. This diagram shows how the number of sunspots has changed with time since counts of the numbers of spots began to be recorded on a consistent scale. Note the low number of spots during the early years of the nineteenth century, the Little Maunder Minimum. (credit: modification of work by NASA/ARC)arrow_forward
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