EBK HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134704227
Author: Silverthorn
Publisher: YUZU
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Question
Chapter 14, Problem 4RQ
Summary Introduction
Introduction: Cardiovascular system consists of heart and blood vessels. The heart pumps the blood and blood vessels deliver the blood to different of the body. The blood does the transport of oxygen and nutrients to the body tissues.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Osmotic pressure and hydrostatic pressure are two factors that regulate blood volume at the smallest blood vessel level. In which blood vessels does all the exchange take place (including water)? Artery Arteriole Capillary Venule Vein
True False Osmotic pressure determines the amount of water that is pulled into the blood (by osmosis) in the capillaries, dependent on the amount of particles in the plasma (regardless of particle size)
True False Hydrostatic pressure determines the amount of water that leaves the capillaries and enters the interstitial fluid surrounding the capillaries.
You are designing the arterial blood vessels that go to the kidney. The first part of
kidney function involves a filtration mechanism that filters blood. To maximize this
filtration mechanism, you want to maximize blood flow to the kidney. Using Poiseuille’s
Law (on page 1), explain how you would construct the arterial circuit so that blood flow
is maximized. Assume that blood viscosity (h) will not be changed.
You are studying bulk flow in a tissue. You have measured the following:
Blood pressure at the arterial end of the capillary – 30mmHg
Osmotic pressure at the arterial end of the capillary – 20 mmHg
partial pressure of oxygen at the arterial end of the capillary – 42 mmHg; partial pressure of CO2 – 40mmHg
partial pressure of O2 at the venous end – 42 mmHg; partial pressure of CO2 – 46mmHg
Blood pressure at the venous end of the capillary – 14mmHg
Osmotic pressure at the venous end of the capillary – 20 mmHg
Pick all that would apply
A)the 10 mm Hg pressure difference will drive blood plasma into the interstitial fluid
B)the 6 mm Hg pressure difference will drive blood plasma into the interstitial fluid
C)the hydrostatic pressure declines from the arterial side to the venous side because oxygen is lost.
D)the pH is lower on the arterial side than on the venous side.
E)the osmotic pressure remains constant due to carbon dioxide compensation.
F)oxygen is taken up by the…
Chapter 14 Solutions
EBK HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY
Ch. 14.1 - A cardiovascular system has what three major...Ch. 14.1 - What is the difference between (a) the pulmonary...Ch. 14.2 - Which is more important for determining flow...Ch. 14.2 - The two identical tubes below have the pressures...Ch. 14.2 - All four tubes below have the same driving...Ch. 14.2 - Two canals in Amsterdam are identical in size, but...Ch. 14.3 - What prevents electrical signals from passing...Ch. 14.3 - Prob. 8CCCh. 14.3 - Prob. 9CCCh. 14.3 - Compare the receptors and channels involved in...
Ch. 14.3 - If a myocardial contractile cell is placed in...Ch. 14.3 - A drug that blocks all Ca2+ channels in the...Ch. 14.3 - Which ions moving in what directions cause the...Ch. 14.3 - At the molecular level, what is happening during...Ch. 14.3 - Lidocaine is a molecule that blocks the action of...Ch. 14.3 - What does increasing K+ permeability do to the...Ch. 14.3 - A new cardiac drug called ivabradine selectively...Ch. 14.3 - Do you think that the Ca2+ channels in...Ch. 14.3 - What happens to the action potential of a...Ch. 14.3 - In an experiment, the vagus nerve, which carries...Ch. 14.4 - Name two functions of the AV node. What is the...Ch. 14.4 - Prob. 22CCCh. 14.4 - Occasionally an ectopic pacemaker {ktopos, out of...Ch. 14.4 - Prob. 24CCCh. 14.4 - Which chamberatrium or ventriclehas higher...Ch. 14.4 - Prob. 26CCCh. 14.4 - Prob. 27CCCh. 14.4 - Prob. 28CCCh. 14.4 - Prob. 29CCCh. 14.4 - Why does ventricular pressure shoot up suddenly at...Ch. 14.4 - Prob. 31CCCh. 14.4 - Prob. 32CCCh. 14.4 - A persons aortic valve opening has become...Ch. 14 - What contributions to understanding the...Ch. 14 - List three functions of the cardiovascular system.Ch. 14 - Prob. 3RQCh. 14 - Prob. 4RQCh. 14 - Prob. 5RQCh. 14 - Prob. 6RQCh. 14 - Prob. 7RQCh. 14 - Distinguish between the two members of each of the...Ch. 14 - Prob. 9RQCh. 14 - Prob. 10RQCh. 14 - What is the proper term for each of the following?...Ch. 14 - List the events of the cardiac cycle in sequence,...Ch. 14 - Prob. 13RQCh. 14 - Compare and contrast the structure of a cardiac...Ch. 14 - Prob. 15RQCh. 14 - Correlate the waves of an ECG with mechanical...Ch. 14 - Prob. 17RQCh. 14 - List and briefly explain four types of information...Ch. 14 - Define inotropic effect. Name two drugs that have...Ch. 14 - Prob. 20RQCh. 14 - Police Captain Jeffers has suffered a myocardial...Ch. 14 - Prob. 22RQCh. 14 - Prob. 23RQCh. 14 - Police Captain Jeffers in question 21 has an...Ch. 14 - Prob. 25RQCh. 14 - Prob. 26RQCh. 14 - Prob. 27RQCh. 14 - A person has a total blood volume of 5 L. Of this...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Blood pressure at the arterial end of capillaries is about 40 mm Hg in humans. If blood pressure at the venous end is about 15 mm Hg, and colloid osmotic pressure is 25 mm Hg throughout, what is the net effect on fluid movement between capillaries and tissue spaces?arrow_forwardHemodynamics are the dynamics of blood flow. Can the Bernoulli's equation be used to study hemodynamics in the cardiovascular system? Why or why not? You should discuss all four of the assumptions of Bernoulli's equation when answering this question. Jugular vein (also subclavian vein from arms) Pulmonary artery Superior vena cava Interior vena cava Hepatic vein Liver Hepatic portal vein Renal vein Iliac vein CO₂ CO₂ Head and arms Lungs Heart Kidneys Trunk and legs Carotid artery (also subclavian artery to arms) Pulmonary vein Aorta Hepatic artery Mesenteric arteries Digestive tract Renal artery Iliac arteryarrow_forwardAs blood flows from the aorta to the arteries, arterioles, and capillaries and through the venous circulation, it encounters various resistances to flow, which results in pressure drops. Using the table, calculate the resistance for an artery and a capillary. (Note: The viscosity of the blood is 3.5 × 10-3 Pa-s.)arrow_forward
- Sketch out (flow diagram) the baroreceptor reflex response to low blood pressure. Name all important components, neurotransmitters, receptor types, nervous system division, feedback loops, etc. Use up/down arrows to show high or low activity or amounts when appropriate.arrow_forwardDescribe in detail the negative feedback mechanism that regulates blood pressure. ANSWER SHOULD INCLUDE: Cardiovascular system response to a fall IN BP: Name location of receptors Afferent pathway - how signal is sent to CNS ( i.e. branch of ANS involved, name of neurotransmitters/ hormone) Name and location of control of control centre in CNS Efferent pathway - how signals is sent to effectors . Name and location of effectors How effected bring about change in BP LINK to BP equation Cardiovascular system response to a rise in BP ( AS BOVE )arrow_forwardYou have heard the word pressure in relation weather (high and low pressure) weather systems and in relation to to blood (high or low blood pressure). These are only two of the many examples of pressure in fluids. Blood pressure readings such as 130/80 give the maximum and minimum gauge pressures in the arteries. We normally have our blood pressures taken with the upper left arm as the standard reference point. However, blood pressures may sometimes be taken at the leg. Were you able to experience blood pressure leg measurement? What do you think are the patient's conditions why blood pressure leg measurement is considered? • Explain why the blood pressure readings taken at the leg as accurate as the usual methodarrow_forward
- Given the following pressures on the venous end of a capillary, calculate the NET pressure and determine if this pressure is in favor of filtration or reabsorption. Blood pressure: 15 mmHg Hydrostatic pressure in the tissues: -3 mmHg Colloid Osmotic Pressure in a capillary: 28 mmHg Colloid Osmotic Pressure in tissue: 8 mmHgarrow_forwardAssume a person has been in a bad car accident and has severe bleeding from a partially severed arm. Describe the body’s response to this by answering the following What mechanisms will occur to reduce the blood loss l(hemorrhaging)? What events happen as part of the clotting process? How does the body slow down blood loss? What would happen if blood volume falls too low? What happens if homeostasis and blooarrow_forwardDuring exercise, arterial blood pressure changes very little. However, cardiac output may double and blood flow to exercising muscle may go up 10-fold, while at the same time the blood flow to kidneys may decline by nearly 50%. Explain possible mechanisms that might account for these very different changesarrow_forward
- An experiment is designed that demonstrates the local vascular phenomenon of active hyperemia. Click on the picture below that best represents the appearance of the data that are collected. Arterial pressure Arterial pressure Organ blood flow Organ blood flow Tissue [0,] Tissue [0,] Tissue metabolic rate Tissue metabolic rate Arterial pressure Arterial pressure Organ blood flow Organ blood flow Tissue [0,] Tissue [0,] Tissue metabolic rate Tissue metabolic rate © McGraw-Hill Educationarrow_forwardSomeone feels dizzy after suddenly standing up, and he would recover in 40 seconds. Illustratehow does the body control the blood pressure when you suddenly stand up (plot the bloodpressure near the brain v.s. time)arrow_forwardThe major mechanism for long-term regulation occurs throughthe blood volume. True or false?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap ...BiologyISBN:9781285866932Author:Lauralee SherwoodPublisher:Cengage Learning
Human Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305112100Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage LearningBasic Clinical Lab Competencies for Respiratory C...NursingISBN:9781285244662Author:WhitePublisher:Cengage
Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap ...
Biology
ISBN:9781285866932
Author:Lauralee Sherwood
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Human Biology (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781305112100
Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Basic Clinical Lab Competencies for Respiratory C...
Nursing
ISBN:9781285244662
Author:White
Publisher:Cengage