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Calculate the concentration of all solute species in each of the following solutions of acids or bases. Assume that the ionization of water can be neglected, and show that the change in the initial concentrations can be neglected.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
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Chapter 14 Solutions
Chemistry: Atoms First
- What is the freezing point of vinegar, which is an aqueous solution of 5.00% acetic acid, HC2H3O2, by mass (d=1.006g/cm3)?arrow_forwardA solution of sodium cyanide, NaCN, has a pH of 12.10. How many grams of NaCN are in 425 mL of a solution with the same pH?arrow_forwardSuppose that, instead of using NaOH, a base such as Ba(OH)2 had been used. What changes in the calculations would then have to be made to determine the molar concentrations of the base?arrow_forward
- calculate the pH of the following solution; (a)2.8 × 10–⁴M Ba (OH)2 (b) 5.2 × 10–⁴M HNO3·arrow_forwardThe pH reading of a sample of each substance is given. Calculate the hydrogen ion concentration of the substance. (Give your answers in scientific notation, correct to one decimal place.) (a) Vinegar: pH = 3 %3D [H+] = x 10 M (b) Crackers: pH = 7.2 %3D [H+] = x 10 M (p ツarrow_forward(a) A 50.0 mL solution is prepared to be 1.29 M acetylsalicylic acid. In the first step, 8.55 mL of NaOH is titrated into the solution until the pH is exactly 5.0. What is the concentration of the titrant (NaOH)? (b) In the second step, enough 5.85 M nitric acid is added to the solution after the titration in part (a) is complete until the pH is one unit lower than the pKa of acetylsalicylic acid. What volume (mL) of nitric acid was added?arrow_forward
- Calculate the concentration of all solute species in each of the following solutions of acids or bases. Assume that the ionization of water can be neglected, and show that the change in the initial concentrations can be neglected. Ionization constants can be found.(a) 0.0092 M HClO, a weak acid(b) 0.0784 M C6H5NH2, a weak base(c) 0.0810 M HCN, a weak acid(d) 0.11 M (CH3)3N, a weak base(e) 0.120 M Fe(H2 O)6 2+ a weak acid, Ka = 1.6 × 10−7arrow_forwardDetermine the pH of each solution and classify it as acidic,basic, or neutral.(a) pOH = 8.5(b) pOH = 4.2(c) pOH = 1.7(d) pOH = 7.0arrow_forwardDetermine the hydronium ion concentration for a solution of 0.550 M Ca(OH)2.arrow_forward
- Acidity of a solution is determined by the concentration H of hydrogen ions in the solution (measured in moles per liter of solution). Chemists use the negative of the logarithm of the concentration of hydrogen ions to define the pH scale, as shown in the following formula. pH = -log (H) Lower pH values indicate a more acidic solution. (a) Normal rain has a pH value of 5.6. Rain in the eastern United States often has a pH level of 3.8. How much more acidic is this than normal rain? (Round your answer to two decimal places.) 63.10 times as acidic as normal rain (b) If the pH of water in a lake falls below a value of 5, fish often fail to reproduce. How much more acidic is this than normal water with a pH of 5.6? (Round your answer to two decimal places.) * times as acidic as normal waterarrow_forwardAcidity of a solution is determined by the concentration H of hydrogen ions in the solution (measured in moles per liter of solution). Chemists use the negative of the logarithm of the concentration of hydrogen ions to define the pH scale, as shown in the following formula. pH = - log (H) Lower pH values indicate a more acidic solution. (a) Normal rain has a pH value of 5.6. Rain in the eastern United States often has a pH level of 3.8. How much more acidic is this than normal rain? (Round your answer to two decimal places.) times as acidic as normal rain(b) If the pH of water in a lake falls below a value of 5, fish often fail to reproduce. How much more acidic is this than normal water with a pH of 5.6? (Round your answer to two decimal places.) times as acidic as normal waterarrow_forwardAcidity of a solution is determined by the concentration H of hydrogen ions in the solution (measured in moles per liter of solution). Chemists use the negative of the logarithm of the concentration of hydrogen ions to define the pH scale, as shown in the following formula. pH = - log (H) Lower pH values indicate a more acidic solution. (a) Normal rain has a pH value of 5.6. Rain in the eastern United States often has a pH level of 3.8. How much more acidic is this than normal rain? (Round your answer to two decimal places.) (b) If the pH of water in a lake falls below a value of 5, fish often fail to reproduce. How much more acidic is this than normal water with a pH of 5.6? (Round your answer to two decimal places.)arrow_forward
- Chemistry: Principles and ReactionsChemistryISBN:9781305079373Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. HurleyPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: Principles and PracticeChemistryISBN:9780534420123Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward MercerPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Introductory Chemistry: An Active Learning Approa...ChemistryISBN:9781305079250Author:Mark S. Cracolice, Ed PetersPublisher:Cengage Learning
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