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To define: The way in which S. pneumonia can be separated from other α-hemolytic streptococci.
Introduction: Streptococcus pneumoniae is also known as Diplococcus pneumoniae. It is a gram-positive bacterium. The morphology of S. pneumoniae is lancet-shaped diplococcus. It causes various infectious diseases in humans, such as lobal pneumonia, otitis media, and meningitis. The pneumococcus S. pneumoniae is the main α-hemolytic, pathogenic streptococcal microorganism in humans. It is a causative agent of lobar pneumonia, which is an acute inflammation of the bronchial as well as alveolar membranes. However, other α-hemolytic streptococci are avirulent. Therefore, it is clinically important to identify α-hemolytic S. pneumoniae from other α-hemolytic streptococci.
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