Loose-leaf Version for What Is Life? A Guide to Biology 4E & LaunchPad for What is Life? A Guide to Biology 4E (Twelve Month Access)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781319154639
Author: Jay Phelan
Publisher: W.H. Freeman & Co
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Chapter 14, Problem 7MC
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Plant evolution is the subset of evolutionary phenomena that concern plants. The study of plant evolution attempts to explain how the present diversity of plants arose over geologic time. It includes the genetic change and the consequent variation that often results in variation. Plants are thought to have evolved from an aquatic green algae protest. Later they evolved important adaptations for land, including vascular tissues, seeds, and flowers. Each of these major adaptations made plants better suited for life on dry land and much more successful.
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The following evolutionary trends are seen in the seedless land plants.
a. Gametophytes became photosynthetic.
b. A key innovation accompanying the appearance of pterophytes was the haplodiplontic life cycle.
c. The gametophyte generation became the dominant generation.
d. There is increased protection of the sporophyte generation in its early developmental stages.
Which of the following statements is NOT true of the stems of vascular plants?
a. Stems are composed of repeating segments, including nodes and internodes.
b. Primary growth only occurs at the shoot apical meristem.
c. Vascular tissues may be arranged on the outside of the stem or scattered throughout the stem.
d. Stems can contain stomata.
Over the course of plant evolution, there has been an increasing dominance ofa. the gametophyte generation.b. C4 photosynthesis.c. angiosperms.d. the sporophyte generation.
Chapter 14 Solutions
Loose-leaf Version for What Is Life? A Guide to Biology 4E & LaunchPad for What is Life? A Guide to Biology 4E (Twelve Month Access)
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Put the following 3 fictional plants in order from earliest to most recent according to their characteristics: A. The Terpad Plant: This plant reproduces using spores and has proper leaves and vascular tissue. B. The Feltris Plant: The Feltris plant lives in moist environments since it doesn't have any vascular tissue to maintain hydration throughout the plant. This plant has no roots either but has small root-like structures called rhizoids which help anchor them to the ground. Water is also required in order for fertilization. C. The Lancelot Plant: This plant can grow in either moist or dry environments, has true roots, stems and leaves and reproduces via seeds which develop within an ovary.arrow_forwardCompare and contrast bryophytes (e.g. mosses) and seedless vascular plants (e.g. ferns). What differences exist between these classifications of plants, and how have these differences become evolutionarily advantageous?arrow_forwardType of branching exhibited by the first ancestors of plants as observed in the fossils A. Unequal branching B. Dichotomous Branching C. Multi-branching D. B and C E. None of the above Plant adaptive structures for terrestrialization are as follows except: A. Development of Anchoring mechanisms B. Formation of transport mechanisms C. Formation of a protective covering from desiccation D. Formation of many tracheids and phloem E. None of the abovearrow_forward
- In plants,a. a gamete becomes a gametophyte.b. a spore becomes a sporophyte.c. both sporophyte and gametophyte produce spores.d. only a sporophyte produces spores.e. Both a and b are correct.arrow_forwardAngiosperms are the most diverse group of plants in existence today. Which of the following plant structures do angiosperms possess that are not found in any earlier lineage of plant? A. Fruits B. Seeds C. Pollenarrow_forwardThe section Evolution of Seeds describes the fossil seeds Archaeosperma arnoldii. Its megasporangium was surrounded by a layer of tissue, called an that projected upward, and there was a large , a hole that permitted sperm cells to swim to the egg. If you have studied flowering plant reproduction, how many of these same features occur in flowering plants?arrow_forward
- working in the field, you discover a fossil of a previously undescribed plant species. the specimen is small and may not be complete; the parts you have do not include any floral organs. what sort of observations(evidence) would you need in order to classify the fossil as a vascular plant with reasonable accuracy? what evidence would you need to distinguish between an angiosperm and a gymnosperm?arrow_forwardMost angiosperms incorporate the assistance of animals in their reproductive cycle. This is a major advancement that gave them an advantage over other plant lineages and helped them become the dominant type of plant on Earth today. Which of the following steps in the reproduction of angiosperms do animals assist with? Check all that apply. A. Seed dispersal B. Pollination C. Fertilizationarrow_forwardA prothallus is: O a. Atype of gametophyte. O b. Found in the conifers for transporting the sperm. O c. Aprotective cover over the sporangia. O d. Aprotective cover found in cones, O e. Aflat sail that helps in wind dispersal of seeds.arrow_forward
- Which of these is a feature not present in seedless plants that have contributed to the success of seed plants on land? a. Seeds have four layers of protective tissue, the seed coat, that improve survival by providing more protection from environmental stresses. b. The reduced gametophytes of seed plants are nurtured by sporophytes and protected from stress, such as drought conditions and UV radiation. c. Seed germination is solely mediated by water during episodes of heavy rain. d. Pollen grains, with walls containing sporopollenin, deter herbivores. Three unknown non-vascular plant species were collected by Biology 3 students. Which characters BEST discriminate them from one another? 1. protonema II. special organelles III. seta IV. calyptra V. capsule VI. stalk a. I,II,III b. I,III,V c. III, IV, V d. II,IV,VIarrow_forwardWhich group of plants bears stomata only in the sporophyte generation? a. Chrysophyta b. Anthocerophyta c. Bryophyta d. Marchantiophyta Which of the following is not a characteristic that distinguishes gymnosperms and angiosperms from other plants? a. Pollen b. Dependent gametophytes c. Ovules d. Alternation of generations Which of these statements is an incorrect comparison of a pine cone and a flower in terms of structure and function? a. Pine cones and flowers both have gametophytes and modified leaves that produce spores. b. All of the statements are correct. c. Unlike pine cones, many flowers produce both pollen and ovules. d. Pine trees have separate pollen cons and ovulate cones while in flowers, pollen grains are produced by the anthers of stamens, and ovules are within the ovaries of carpels.arrow_forwardThe gametophyte is the dominant stage in the life cycle for which of the following plant groups? A. ferns B. horsetails C. liverworts D. whisk ferns E. club mossarrow_forward
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