Campbell Biology: Concepts & Connections, Books a la Carte Edition (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780134442778
Author: Martha R. Taylor, Eric J. Simon, Jean L. Dickey, Kelly A. Hogan, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 14, Problem 7TYK
Biologists have found more than 500 species of fruit flies on the various Hawaiian Islands, all apparently descended from a single ancestor species. This example illustrates
a. polyploidy.
b. temporal isolation.
c. adaptive radiation.
d. sympatric
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Students have asked these similar questions
The three beetle species live in the same ecosystem, and they likely evolved from the ancestral species that colonized the region. Which statement best explains how descent with modification influenced speciation in these beetles?
A. The ancestral species carried neutral gene mutations that spontaneously caused speciation when they colonized the region.
B. The ancestral species randomly diverged into three species before colonization and then colonized the regions that best suited their new adaptations.
C. After colonization, small groups separated from the rest of the ancestral species and developed different adaptations that helped them survive and reproduce.
D. After colonization, the large group interbred until they developed enough neutral genetic mutations for speciation to occur.
When the isthmus of Panama (land bridge that connects north and south America) arose about 3 million years ago, it caused species of fish to diverge into sister species located in either the caribean or pacific ocean. Why did they form separate species?
A)
Because this is an example of sympatric speciation
B)
Because the tides are different on each side of the land bridge
C)
Because different predators in each ocean caused the populations to diverge
D)
Because the populations were reproductively isolated
mountain range separates a population of gorillas. After many generations, the gorillas on different sides of the mountain range cannot produce viable, fertile offspring. What has happened? a. Sympatric speciation c. Parapatric speciation b. Allopatric speciation d. Adaptive radiation
Chapter 14 Solutions
Campbell Biology: Concepts & Connections, Books a la Carte Edition (9th Edition)
Ch. 14 - Name the two types of speciation represented by...Ch. 14 - Fill in the blanks in the following concept map.Ch. 14 - Which concept of species would be most useful to a...Ch. 14 - According to the biological species concept,...Ch. 14 - Bird guides once listed the myrtle warbler and...Ch. 14 - Which of the following is an example of a...Ch. 14 - Biologists have found more than 500 species of...Ch. 14 - A new plant species C, which formed from...Ch. 14 - A horse (2n = 64) and a donkey (2n = 62) can mate...Ch. 14 - What prevents horses and donkeys from hybridizing...
Ch. 14 - When hybrids produced in a hybrid zone can breed...Ch. 14 - Which of the following factors would not...Ch. 14 - Explain how each of the following makes it...Ch. 14 - Explain why allopatric speciation would be less...Ch. 14 - What does the term punctuated equilibria describe?Ch. 14 - Can factors that cause sympatric speciation also...Ch. 14 - Cultivated American cotton plants have a total of...Ch. 14 - Prob. 18TYKCh. 14 - Prob. 19TYK
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- What pattern of speciation is illustrated by the development of the allopolyploid species? A. allopatric speciation B. sympatric speciation C. cladopatric speciation D. anapatric speciationarrow_forwarda. What are the various types of reproductive isolating mechanisms that can lead to speciation? b. What are the different modes of speciation? c. Explain how evolution produce the tremendous amount of diversity among organisms.arrow_forwardThe type of speciation that takes place in geographically overlapping populations is known as ________________________. A. Allopatric speciation B. Sympatric speciation C. Morphological speciation D. Physiological speciationarrow_forward
- To apply parsimony to constructing a phylogenetic tree, (A) choose the tree that assumes all evolutionary changes are equally probable. (B) choose the tree in which the branch points are based on as many shared derived characters as possible. (C) choose the tree that represents the fewest evolutionary changes,in either DNA sequences or morphology. (D) choose the tree with the fewest branch points.arrow_forwardResearchers have found fossils of Eocene horse species in Colorado. Deeper deposits contain smaller species, and more recent deposits contain larger species. How does this observation support the theory of evolution? A. It provides evidence that species change over time. B. It does not support the theory of evolution. C. It shows that all species are related to each other. D. It proves that environments have changed over time. E. It suggests that species are unchanging and of recent origin.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is a good description of Sympatric speciation? A. Speciation without geographic isolation B. Changes in sequence of DNA of an organism C. Speciation due to geographical isolation D. The change in the genetic characteristics of a population of organisms over timearrow_forward
- Which condition is the basis for a species to be reproductively isolated from other members? a. It does not share its habitat with related species. b. It does not exist out of a single habitat. c. It does not exchange genetic information with other species. d. It does not undergo evolutionary changes for a significant period of time.arrow_forwardSpeciation can occur when two populations of a species become separated from each other. What is the best explanation for why speciation occurs?arrow_forwardWhat is Sympatric speciation? A) When a population is separated from the main group by a barrier and becomes a new species B) When a population mutates into a new species C) When a population develops into a new species without any physical barriers to isolate themarrow_forward
- compare and contrast between the following a) allopatric speciation and sympatric speciation. b) autopolyploid speciation and allopolyploid speciation c) natural selection and sexual selectionarrow_forwardWhat is an Analogy? A) When an anatomic feature is shared among organisms and their descendants B) When two organisms appear the same C) When convergent evolution produces similar phenotypesarrow_forwardSome species undergo polyploidy, which is a multiplication of their chromosomes. That is, they contain full chromosomes from each parent. How could speciation affect a polyploid organism? A. The polyploid organisms may experience gametic isolation. B. The polyploid organisms may experience behavioral isolation. C. The polyploid organisms may experience geographic isolation. D. The polyploid organisms would not be affected by speciation.arrow_forward
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