EBK INTRODUCTORY CHEMISTRY
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780133886160
Author: Tro
Publisher: PEARSON CO
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Chapter 14, Problem 86E
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
Whether each of the given mixtures is buffer or not is to be determined.
Concept Introduction:
Buffer is a solution which resists the change in pH of a solution on the addition of an acid or base.
A solution containing a weak acid and its conjugate base forms a buffer.
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The following diagram represents a buffer composed ofequal concentrations of a weak acid, HA, and its conjugatebase, A-. The heights of the columns are proportionalto the concentrations of the components of the buffer.(a) Which of the three drawings, (1), (2), or (3), representsthe buffer after the addition of a strong acid? (b) Which ofthe three represents the buffer after the addition of a strongbase? (c) Which of the three represents a situation thatcannot arise from the addition of either an acid or a base?
Which of the following constitute a buffer?
A. NH3 and KNO3
B. HCN & NaCN
C. HF & NaCl
D. NaOH & NaCl
Group of answer choices
C
A & C
B
A, B and C
4
which one has higher buffer capacity o.1 M C6 H8O7 , 0.01 M Na3C6 H5 O7
or 0.01M C6 H8O7, 0.01 0.01 M Na3C6 H5 O7
0.01M C6 H8O7, 0.01 0.1 M Na3C6 H5 O7
0.1M C6 H8O7, 0.01 0.1 M Na3C6 H5 O7
Chapter 14 Solutions
EBK INTRODUCTORY CHEMISTRY
Ch. 14 - Which substance is most likely to have a bitter...Ch. 14 - Identity the Brnsted-Lowry base in the reaction....Ch. 14 - What is the conjugate base of the acid HClO4 ? a....Ch. 14 - Prob. 4SAQCh. 14 - Q5. What are the products of the reaction between...Ch. 14 - A 25.00-mL sample of an HNO3 solution is titrated...Ch. 14 - In which solution is [H3O+] less than 0.100 M? a....Ch. 14 - Prob. 8SAQCh. 14 - Prob. 9SAQCh. 14 - What is the pH of a solution with [H3O+]=2.8105M ?...
Ch. 14 - What is [OH] in a solution with a pH of 9.55 ? a....Ch. 14 - A buffer contains HCHO2(aq) and KCHO2(aq). Which...Ch. 14 - 1. What makes tart gummy candies, such as Sour...Ch. 14 - Prob. 2ECh. 14 - 3. What is the main component of stomach acid? Why...Ch. 14 - Prob. 4ECh. 14 - What are the properties of bases? Provide some...Ch. 14 - Prob. 6ECh. 14 - Restate the Arrhenius definition of an acid and...Ch. 14 - Prob. 8ECh. 14 - 9. Restate the Brønsted-Lowry definitions of acids...Ch. 14 - Prob. 10ECh. 14 - What is an acidbase neutralization reaction?...Ch. 14 - Prob. 12ECh. 14 - Prob. 13ECh. 14 - 14. Name a metal that a base can dissolve and...Ch. 14 - What is titration? What is the equivalence point?Ch. 14 - Prob. 16ECh. 14 - Prob. 17ECh. 14 - Prob. 18ECh. 14 - Prob. 19ECh. 14 - Prob. 20ECh. 14 - Does pure water contain any H3O+ ions? Explain...Ch. 14 - Prob. 22ECh. 14 - 23. Give a possible value of and in a solution...Ch. 14 - 24. How is pH defined? A change of 1.0 pH unit...Ch. 14 - 25. How is pOH defined? A change of 2.0 pOH units...Ch. 14 - Prob. 26ECh. 14 - Prob. 27ECh. 14 - Prob. 28ECh. 14 - Identify each substance as an acid or a base and...Ch. 14 - Prob. 30ECh. 14 - 31. For each reaction, identify the Brønsted-Lowry...Ch. 14 - ACID AND BASE DEFINITIONS For each reaction,...Ch. 14 - Determine whether each pair is a conjugate...Ch. 14 - Determine whether each pair is a conjugate...Ch. 14 - Prob. 35ECh. 14 - Prob. 36ECh. 14 - Prob. 37ECh. 14 - Prob. 38ECh. 14 - Write a neutralization reaction for each acid and...Ch. 14 - Prob. 40ECh. 14 - 41. Write a balanced chemical equation showing how...Ch. 14 - Prob. 42ECh. 14 - Prob. 43ECh. 14 - Prob. 44ECh. 14 - Prob. 45ECh. 14 - Prob. 46ECh. 14 - 47. Four solutions of unknown HCl concentration...Ch. 14 - 48. Four solutions of unknown NaOH concentration...Ch. 14 - 49. A 25.00-mL sample of an solution of unknown...Ch. 14 - 50. A 5.00-mL sample of an solution of unknown...Ch. 14 - What volume in milliliters of a 0.121 M sodium...Ch. 14 - Prob. 52ECh. 14 - Prob. 53ECh. 14 - Prob. 54ECh. 14 - Prob. 55ECh. 14 - Prob. 56ECh. 14 - Prob. 57ECh. 14 - Prob. 58ECh. 14 - Prob. 59ECh. 14 - STRONG AND WEAK ACIDS AND BASES 60. Determine [OH]...Ch. 14 - 61. Determine if each solution is acidic, basic,...Ch. 14 - Prob. 62ECh. 14 - Calculate [OH] given [H3O+] in each aqueous...Ch. 14 - ACIDITY, BASICITY, AND Kw
64. Calculate [OH-]...Ch. 14 - Calculate [H3O+] given [OH] in each aqueous...Ch. 14 - Prob. 66ECh. 14 - 67. Classify each solution as acidic, basic, or...Ch. 14 - Prob. 68ECh. 14 - 69. Calculate the pH of each...Ch. 14 - Calculate the pH of each solution. a....Ch. 14 - 71. Calculate of each solution.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Ch. 14 - 72. Calculate of each solution.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Ch. 14 - Prob. 73ECh. 14 - Prob. 74ECh. 14 - pH Calculate [OH] for each solution. (a) pH = 2.2...Ch. 14 - 76. Calculate of each solution.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Ch. 14 - pH Calculate the pH of each solution: (a) 0.001...Ch. 14 - Prob. 78ECh. 14 - Determine the pOH of each solution and classify it...Ch. 14 - Determine the pOH of each solution and classify it...Ch. 14 - Determine the pOH of each solution. a....Ch. 14 - Prob. 82ECh. 14 - Prob. 83ECh. 14 - Prob. 84ECh. 14 - 85. Determine whether or not each mixture is a...Ch. 14 - Prob. 86ECh. 14 - Prob. 87ECh. 14 - Prob. 88ECh. 14 - Prob. 89ECh. 14 - Which substance could you add to each solution to...Ch. 14 - 91. How much 0.100 M HCl is required to completely...Ch. 14 - Prob. 92ECh. 14 - What is the minimum volume of 1.2 M HNO3 required...Ch. 14 - What is the minimum volume of 3.0 M HBr required...Ch. 14 - Prob. 95ECh. 14 - Prob. 96ECh. 14 - A 0.125-g sample of a monoprotic acid of unknown...Ch. 14 - Prob. 98ECh. 14 - 99. People take antacids, such as milk of...Ch. 14 - Prob. 100ECh. 14 - Prob. 101ECh. 14 - Prob. 102ECh. 14 - Complete the table. (The first row is completed...Ch. 14 - Prob. 104ECh. 14 - Prob. 105ECh. 14 - 106. For each strong acid solution, determine...Ch. 14 - 107. For each strong base solution, determine , ...Ch. 14 - Prob. 108ECh. 14 - 109. As described in Section 14.1, jailed spies on...Ch. 14 - Prob. 110ECh. 14 - 111. What is the pH of a solution formed by mixing...Ch. 14 - Prob. 112ECh. 14 - 113. How many (or ) ions are present in one drop...Ch. 14 - Prob. 114ECh. 14 - Prob. 115ECh. 14 - Prob. 116ECh. 14 - Prob. 117ECh. 14 - Prob. 118ECh. 14 - Prob. 119ECh. 14 - Choose an example of a reaction featuring a...Ch. 14 - 121. Divide your group in two. Have each half of...Ch. 14 - Prob. 122ECh. 14 - With group members acting as atoms or ions, act...
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- Each symbol in the box below represents a mole of a component in one liter of a buffer solution; represents the anion (X-), = the weak acid (HX), = H+, and =OH. Water molecules and the few H+ and OH- ions from the dissociation of HX and X- are not shown. The box contains 10 mol of a weak acid, , in a liter of solution. Show what happens upon (a) the addition of 2 mol of OH- (2 ). (b) the addition of 5 mol of OH- (5 ). (c) the addition of 10 mol of OH- (10 ). (d) the addition of 12 mol of OH- (12 ). Which addition (a)-(d) represents neutralization halfway to the equivalence point?arrow_forwardKa for formic acid is 1.7 104 at 25C. A buffer is made by mixing 529 mL of 0.465 M formic acid, HCHO2, and 494 mL of 0.524 M sodium formate, NaCHO2. Calculate the pH of this solution at 25C after 110 mL of 0.152 M HCl has been added to this buffer.arrow_forwardYou want to make a buffer with a pH of 10.00 from NH4+/NH3. (a) What must the [ NH4+ ]/[ NH3 ]ratio be? (b) How many moles of NH4Cl must be added to 465 mL of an aqueous solution of 1.24 M NH3 to give this pH? (c) How many milliliters of 0.236 M NH3 must be added to 2.08 g of NH4Cl to give this pH? (d) What volume of 0.499 M NH3 must be added to 395 mL, of 0.109 M NH4Cl to give this pH?arrow_forward
- A pH buffer is a solution that resists changes in pH when acids or bases are added to it—typically, a solution of a weak acid and its conjugate base. What masses of dimethylamine and dimethylammonium chloride do you need to prepare 2.00 L of pH = 12.00 buffer if the total concentration of the two components is 0.500 M?arrow_forwardDuring the fermentation of wine, a buffer consisting of tartaric acid and potassium hydrogen tartrate is produced by a biochemical reaction. Assuming that the concentration of tartaric acid is 0.3158 M and potassium hydrogen tartrate is 0.3851 M, what is the pH of the wine? The Ka of tartaric acid is 1.1x10-3.arrow_forwardMalic acid (C4H5O5) is one of the alpha hydroxy acids which is naturally found in apples. The reaction of HCl with sodium maleate to form malic acid and sodium chloride is according to the given equation. You have been asked to prepare a maleate buffer( Ka 3.908 x 10-4 ) using sodium maleate (M.W. = 178.05 g/mol) and 7.29 x 103 ppm HCl. How many millilitres of HCl should you add to 250mL of 13.4 x 103 ppm sodium maleate to produce a buffer solution with a pH of 3.37. Please answer quickly.arrow_forward
- A buffer of pH = 7.5 is desired. Which two of the following compounds should be dissolved in water in equimolar amounts to provide this buffer solution: HNO2, HClO, HCN, NaNO2, NH3, KCN, KClO, NH4Cl?arrow_forwardCalculate the [H3O*] of 114.01 mL of a buffer initially consisting of 0.1752 M C2H5NH2 and 0.1926 M C2H5NH3Br after addition of 0.0031 mol of HCI Assume that no volume change occurs after addition of the acid. The Kb of C2H5NH2 is 5.60e-4arrow_forwardWhat is the pH of a buffer solution that is 0.24M NH3 and 0.20M NH4Cl?arrow_forward
- Which of the following is the best choice for a buffer system? a. a solution of hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sodium chloride (NaCl) b. equal volumes of 1 M ammonia (NH₃) and 0.001 M ammonium chloride (NH₄Cl c. equal volumes of 0.5 M hydrochloric acid (HCl) and 0.5 M sodium hydroxide (NaOH) d. equal volumes of 2 M ammonia (NH₃) and 1 M hydrochloric acid (HCl) e. equal concentrations of bromide ion and hydrobromic acidarrow_forwardWhich of the following mixtures would create an effective buffer? Give reasoning in each case. 1. 0.10 mol HCl and 0.10 mol NaOH in 1.0L H2O 2. 0.10 mol NH3 and 0.15 mol NH4Cl in 1.0L H2O 3. 0.010 mol HCN and 0.20 mol NaCN 1.0L H2Oarrow_forwardcalculate the pH of a buffer solution prepared with 500 mg/L acetic acid (Ch3COOH; pKa=4.74) and 200 mg/L sodium acetate (NaCH3COO) under the following conditions: a) initially b) after 20 mg/L of HCl is added c) after 20 mg/L of NaOH is addedarrow_forward
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