FOUNDATIONS OF ASTRON.(LL) >CUSTOM PKG<
FOUNDATIONS OF ASTRON.(LL) >CUSTOM PKG<
13th Edition
ISBN: 9781305780286
Author: Seeds
Publisher: CENGAGE C
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Chapter 15, Problem 21RQ
To determine

Whether the black hole at the nucleus of Milky Way Galaxy is a remnant of single star or not.

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The Sun is moving at 220 ??/? around the Galactic Center at a more-or-less constant distance of 8.5 ???. To appreciate how remarkable this is, consider the following questions: a) How massive would the Sun have to be for the Earth to have an orbital velocity of 220 km/s at 1 AU? b) How fast would the Earth move if it was in orbit around the Sun at a distance of 8.5 kpc? Of course, you may ignore the effects of all other stars in this calculation.
Suppose that stars were born at random times over the last 1010 years. The rate of star formation is simply the number of stars divided by 1010 years. The fraction of stars with detected extrasolar planets is at least 18%. The rate of star formation can be multiplied by this fraction to find the rate planet formation. How often (in years) does a planetary system form in our galaxy? Assume the Milky Way contains 8 × 1011 stars.
Consider the Milky Way disk, which has a 50 kpc diameter and a total height of 600 pc. Suppose that the Sun orbits precisely at the mid-plane of the disk in a circular orbit. Supernovae explosions happen randomly throughout the disk at a rate of about 2 per 100 years. Consider a spherical region around the Sun with a radius of 300 pc. Ignore the Milky Way bulge and halo in this problem; assume the Milky Way disk is perfectly uniform and extends all the way through the region of the bulge. (I.e., the Milky Way is modeled *only* as a cylindrical disk--like a hockey puck-- with constant density throughout.) If a particular supernova goes off at a random location within the disk, what is the probability that it went off in the 300 pc radius spherical region near the Sun? Express your probability as a percentage (but without writing the percent sign). [Hint: there is a 100% probability that the supernova went off somewhere in the volume of the Milky Way disk; there is a 50% probability that…
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