WHAT IS LIFE? GDE.TO BIOLOGY W/PHYSIO.
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781319272531
Author: PHELAN
Publisher: MAC HIGHER
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Chapter 15, Problem 3MC
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
A plasmid is a small circular double stranded DNA molecule that is distinct from a cell's chromosomal DNA. Plasmids naturally exist in bacterial cells. Often, the genes carried in plasmids provide bacteria with genetic advantages, such as antibiotic resistance.
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When E. coli cells are mixed with recombinant vector DNA and subject to a stress such as heat shock, a small fraction of the cells will take up the plasmid DNA, a process known as :
A.
Ligation.
B.
Transformation.
C.
Transfection.
D.
Digestion.
Plasmids are important in biotechnology because they are
Group of answer choices
a. a vehicle for the insertion of foreign genes into bacteria
b. recognition sites on recombinant DNA strands
c. surfaces for protein synthesis in eukaryotic recombinants
d. viruses incorporated into the host DNA
Which of the following statements is false?
a. Plasmids can be exchanged between different species of bacteria.
b. The blue circle represents a small chromosome.
c. The blue circle is a plasmid that contains genes that confer resistance to specific antiobiotics.
d. The blue circle represents a double-stranded molecule of DNA.
Chapter 15 Solutions
WHAT IS LIFE? GDE.TO BIOLOGY W/PHYSIO.
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- Some strains of Escherichia coli bacteria have acquired the ability to produce the harmful Shiga toxin, normally produced by Shigella dysenteriae. Which statements best explain why this occurs? Mark all that apply. A. conjugation between two different species of bacteria allowed both strains of bacteria to express a virulence factor B. transformation resulted in expression of a virulence factor C. horizontal gene transfer between different species of bacteria D. transduction of a specific gene resulted in expression of new traitsarrow_forwardWhich of the following objects would you use microinjection in order to transfer DNA into? a. Egg cell visible to the human eye b. Animal virions c. Escherichia coli that has an F plasmid d. Bacteria that has been heat shockedarrow_forwardWhich process of DNA transfer in bacteria requires a virus? a. Conjugation b. Transduction c. Transformation d. All of the abovearrow_forward
- Bacteria can acquire DNA directly from the environment through: please explain the answer a.Conjugation b.Transduction c.Natural transformation d.All of the abovearrow_forwardA Ti plasmid carrying a foreign gene is inserted into which bacterium that infects a plant cell? a. Verticillium b. Arabidopsis thaliana c. Proteobacteria d. Agrobacterium tumefaciens e. Phytomyxeaarrow_forwardA transducing particle injects all of the DNA that it contains into a bacterial cell. Which of the following are TRUE? A. The bacterium becomes Hfr B. The bacterium becomes F+ C. The bacterium immediately acquires new functions as the injected DNA is rapidly transcribed and translated into mRNA and proteins D. This injected DNA can integrate into the bacterium’s genome through a process called recombinationarrow_forward
- Choose the one answer that fits best. Which of the following statements regarding bacteria is NOT correct? a. During conjugation, two bacteria exchange genetic information directly via pili b. Bacterial populations have a higher mutation rate because their DNA Polymerases do not have proofreading capability c. Bacterial growth by binary fission is exponential and each division usually takes only a couple of hour or less d. Plasmids carry just a few genes and are replicated independently from the bacterial chromosome e. Cocci that are arranged in clusters/bunches are called staphylococciarrow_forwardThe plasmid (episome) F factor mediates which of the following? a. Transduction b. Transformation c. Conjugation d. Replication e. Translocationarrow_forwardAn experimental drug therapy to treat patients with antibiotic-resistant bacteria involves introduction of a highly specific bacteriophage to the infected patient's bloodstream. Which of the following bacteriophage types would be the LEAST useful for this therapy? a. a lytic bacteriophage b. An enveloped virus c. An RNA virus d. a lysogenic bacteriophagearrow_forward
- Which of the following may be used as a vector in a gene-cloningexperiment?a. mRNA c. Virusb. Plasmid d. Both b and carrow_forwardIn Hershey and Chase’s experiment investigating which biological molecule carries genetic information, they found that phage DNA with radiolabeled phosphorus was retained in bacterial cells after transduction. To conclude that DNA is the genetic material, what assumption did they have to make? A. Protein does not enter the bacterium during transduction. B. DNA does not stay in the media after transduction. C. All of the phage DNA was radiolabeled. D. Bacteria can be transduced by phage.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is true of plasmids? a. They are composed of RNA. b. They normally exist outside of bacterial cells. c. They possess only a single strand of DNA. d. They contain an origin of replicationarrow_forward
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