A large electrical power station generates 1000 MW of electricity with an efficiency of 35.0%. (a) Calculate the heat transfer to the power station, Q h , in one day. (b) How much heat transfer Q c occurs to the environment in one day? (c) If the heat transfer in the cooling towers is from 35 .0 ° C water into the local air mass, which increases in temperature from 18 .0 ° C to 2 0.0 ° C , what is the total increase in entropy due to this heat transfer? (d) How much energy becomes unavailable to do work because of this increase in entropy, assuming an 18 .0 ° C lowest temperature? (Part of Q c could be utilized to operate heat engines or far simply heating the surroundings, but it rarely is.)
A large electrical power station generates 1000 MW of electricity with an efficiency of 35.0%. (a) Calculate the heat transfer to the power station, Q h , in one day. (b) How much heat transfer Q c occurs to the environment in one day? (c) If the heat transfer in the cooling towers is from 35 .0 ° C water into the local air mass, which increases in temperature from 18 .0 ° C to 2 0.0 ° C , what is the total increase in entropy due to this heat transfer? (d) How much energy becomes unavailable to do work because of this increase in entropy, assuming an 18 .0 ° C lowest temperature? (Part of Q c could be utilized to operate heat engines or far simply heating the surroundings, but it rarely is.)
A large electrical power station generates 1000 MW of electricity with an efficiency of 35.0%. (a) Calculate the heat transfer to the power station, Qh, in one day. (b) How much heat transfer Qc occurs to the environment in one day? (c) If the heat transfer in the cooling towers is from
35
.0
°
C
water into the local air mass, which increases in temperature from
18
.0
°
C
to
2
0.0
°
C
, what is the total increase in entropy due to this heat transfer? (d) How much energy becomes unavailable to do work because of this increase in entropy, assuming an
18
.0
°
C
lowest temperature? (Part of Qccould be utilized to operate heat engines or far simply heating the surroundings, but it rarely is.)
A nuclear power plant has an electrical power output of 1125 MW and operateswith an efficiency of 42%.
If excess energy is carried away from the plant by a river with a flow rate of2.1 × 106 kg/s, what is the rise in temperature of the flowing water?
What is the efficiency of a gasoline engine that receives 194.5 J of energy from combustion and loses 143.4 J by heat to the exhaust during one cycle?
A typical electric refrigerator has a power ratingof 400 W, which is the rate (in J/s) at whichelectrical energy is supplied to do the work neededto remove heat from the refrigerator. If therefrigerator releases heat to the room at a rate of900 W, at what rate (in watts) does it remove heatfrom the inside of the refrigerator?
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.
The Second Law of Thermodynamics: Heat Flow, Entropy, and Microstates; Author: Professor Dave Explains;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MrwW4w2nAMc;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY