Biology: Life on Earth
10th Edition
ISBN: 9780321729712
Author: Gerald Audesirk, Teresa Audesirk, Bruce E. Byers
Publisher: Benjamin Cummings
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Chapter 15, Problem 5AC
A preview question for Chapter 16: A species is all the populations of organisms that potentially interbreed with one another but that are reproductively isolated from (cannot interbreed with) other populations. Using the five conditions of the
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Question:-
Why might some scientists use the morphological species concept or the ecological species concept instead of the biological species concept to define some species? Provide some examples in your reasoning.
Which statement is true, based on the phylogenetic tree shown here?
Question 12 options:
The monkey is equally related to the rat and to the rabbit.
Seals and bats are more closely related than rabbits and monkeys
The monkey is more distantly related to the bat than to the seal.
The rabbit is equally related to the monkey and to the rat.
The seal has no common ancestors with the rabbit.
Try to outline a scenario explaining the evolution of the three species shown in panel g. Use migration, mutation, genetic drift, selection, reproductive isolation, gene flow, extinction, and many generations in your scenario. Based on your scenario, what are the components that are necessary in a population in order for it to split or diverge into two new daughter species from a single ancestor (the parent species)?
Chapter 15 Solutions
Biology: Life on Earth
Ch. 15 - The ________ provides a simple mathematical model...Ch. 15 - 2. Different versions of the same gene are called...Ch. 15 - An organism's ________ refers to the specific...Ch. 15 - 4. A random form of evolution is called _________....Ch. 15 - Competition is most intense between members of...Ch. 15 - 6. The evolutionary fitness of an organism is...Ch. 15 - 1. What is a gene pool? How would you determine...Ch. 15 - 2. Define equilibrium population. Outline the...Ch. 15 - How does population size affect the likelihood of...Ch. 15 - If you measured the allele frequencies of a gene...
Ch. 15 - 5. People like to say that “you can’t prove a...Ch. 15 - 6. Describe the three ways in which natural...Ch. 15 - What is sexual selection? How is sexual selection...Ch. 15 - In North America, the average height of adult...Ch. 15 - Malaria is rare in North America. In populations...Ch. 15 - By the 1940s, the whooping crane population had...Ch. 15 - Prob. 4ACCh. 15 - A preview question for Chapter 16: A species is...
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- Explain the following in a detailed manner. 1. Why is it some certain species can be able to survive while others are eliminated or go extinct? 2. Ellis-van Creveld syndrome is a disease caused by the founder effect under genetic drift. Given that fact, what significant role does migration play in the genetic evolution of certain species? 3. What are the long-term implications of macroevolution to biodiversity?arrow_forwardThis is a two part question, please write two separate essays, one for each part. Part 1: what is punctuated equilibrium and does the presence of fossils that are consistent with punctuated equilibrium mean that natural selection does not occur? Explain why or why not. Part 2: Does natural selection predict a gradualistic mode of evolution or punctuated equilibrium? Be sure to explain your answer.arrow_forwardNeed help what is the difference between a gene tree and a species tree? Explain in your own words how it is possible for gorillas and humans to share a genetic trait (such as a retroviral insertion) that chimpanzees do not share, if chimpanzees and humans are really each other's closest relatives. Given the lack of agreement between gene trees and species trees, how is it possible to reconstruct the true species tree?arrow_forward
- Q1: Within which category are individuals most closely related to one another? Q2: Within which category are individual species most distantly related? Q3: Are individual species more closely related within the same order or within the same family?arrow_forwardHello, I need help answering number 1 (INCLUDING SUB-PARTS) true or false questions. Pls and thank you! 1. A.) T / F - All evolutionary responses to natural selection involve a genetic change. B.) T / F - If character polarity is not correctly determined, it is impossible to make a cladogram that matches the true evolutionary history of the group studied. C.) T / F - Endangered species whose effective population size (Ne) remains small for many generations will mainly evolve by adaptive evolution.arrow_forwardWhich statement about evolutionary trees is correct? Question 12 options: Branch length is always proportional to time Trees are always derived from morphological data For a given set of traits, a single tree is possible Trees represent hypothesized evolutionary relationships among taxa Only trees with straight limbs show evolutionary relationshipsarrow_forward
- Question:- How does decreased gene flow among populations contribute to population decline?arrow_forwardFollow up on Question 2. The purpose of including species D in the phylogenetic reconstruction is so that it can be used as a. an in-group for inferring the polarity of trait evolution b. an out-group for inferring the polarity of trait evolution c. an ancestral group for inferring the polarity of trait evolution d. a monophyletic group for classifying vge gene types e. None of the abovearrow_forwardA poodle (Canis lupus familiaris) and a gray wolves (Canis lupus) can interbreed to produce viable and fertile offspring. These dogs are very similar genetically , although their are quite different in appearance. Which species concept is most likely to place poodles and wolves together into a single species? Question 19 options: biological alone morphological alone morphological and phylogenetic phylogenetic alone biological and phylogeneticarrow_forward
- Need help.: Explain the similarities between Lamarckian and Darwinian evolution and how they differ with respect to how populations will change over time.arrow_forwardQ:need help with question We looked at how the beliefs of the Theory of Special Creation were challenged by Descent with Modification. Even before Lamarck and Darwin proposed that species do change over time, what belief of the Theory of Special Creation had already been challenged? Species do not change Lineages do not split Each species is separately created Each species is independently created Earth and life are youngarrow_forwardWhat role does geographic isolation play in the formation of a new species? Group of answer choices A.If two populations become isolated geographically, then the two populations cannot interbreed with one another. There will be gene flow between the two. This will allow the two isolated populations to evolve independently leading to new species. B. If two populations become isolated geographically, then the two populations can interbreed with one another. There will be no gene flow between the two. This will allow the two isolated populations to evolve independently leading to new species. C. None of the answers are correct D. If two populations become isolated geographically, then the two populations cannot interbreed with one another. There will be no gene flow between the two. This will allow the two isolated populations to evolve independently leading to new species.arrow_forward
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