Research Methods for the Behavioral Sciences (MindTap Course List)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781337672023
Author: GRAVETTER
Publisher: Cengage
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Chapter 15.3, Problem 8LO
To determine
Definition of type I and type II error also the consequence of each other.
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A study examines whether students who have been in a psychology class score higher on an adjustment scale than the average person. Explain what a Type 1 and Type 2 error would be in this study, and what each would mean. Be sure to state your answer in terms of the variables of this particular study.
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Chapter 15 Solutions
Research Methods for the Behavioral Sciences (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 15.1 - Define the two general categories of statistics,...Ch. 15.1 - Prob. 2LOCh. 15.2 - Prob. 3LOCh. 15.2 - Prob. 4LOCh. 15.2 - Prob. 5LOCh. 15.2 - Prob. 6LOCh. 15.3 - Prob. 7LOCh. 15.3 - Prob. 8LOCh. 15.3 - Explain how sample size and sample variance...Ch. 15.4 - Identify the characteristics that differentiate...
Ch. 15.5 - Describe the two basic concerns with the...Ch. 15.5 - Describe the basic concern with measuring...Ch. 15 - In addition to the key words, you should also be...Ch. 15 - Prob. 2ECh. 15 - A researcher who is interested in examining the...Ch. 15 - Construct a frequency distribution histogram or...Ch. 15 - Under what circumstances are the median and the...Ch. 15 - Describe a distribution of scores that has a mean...Ch. 15 - Prob. 7ECh. 15 - Describe the general concept of sampling error and...Ch. 15 - Briefly explain what is meant when a researcher...Ch. 15 - Prob. 10ECh. 15 - Describe the relationship between the alpha level...Ch. 15 - Explain how increasing the size of the sample can...Ch. 15 - Prob. 13ECh. 15 - Identify the appropriate hypothesis test for each...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15ECh. 15 - Prob. 16E
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- The authors state, “Our study has certain limitations. First, due to the cross-sectional nature of our study, causality cannot be inferred.” Explain what this statement means and why it is an issue.arrow_forwardWhat is the consequence of a Type II error? Question 40 options: Concluding that a treatment has an effect when it really does Concluding that a treatment has no effect when it really has no effect Concluding that a treatment has no effect when it really does Concluding that a treatment has an effect when it really has no effectarrow_forwardHelloFresh and Blue Apron, both meal-kit providers, mail pre-measured ingredients and recipes to its customers so families can enjoy a home-cooked meal without the hassle of planning. The FDA wants to know if the average amount of time between when the meal leaves the packing facility and the time of the delivery of the box to the customer’s doorstep is different between HelloFresh and Blue Apron. Why is this information important for FDA (and customers) to know? How would you collect this data?arrow_forward
- Mammography and clinical breast examination are the two major techniques used to screen for breast cancer. However, as true for any screening test, they are not completely accurate. If it is determined, based on mammographic findings, that there is a possibility of breast cancer, this is usually confirmed or disconfirmed by a subsequent biopsy. A false positive test is a mammogram positive test that is disconfirmed by biopsy. The data in Table 1 were reported in a paper concerning breast cancer screening (Elmore, et al, New England Journal of Medicine 1998; 338(16): 1089-1096). Table 1 False positive breast cancer screening tests over a 10-year period # Screening tests # False positive tests 9762 631 1. Another aspect of mammographic screening is the presence of false negatives. A false negative is a screen negative woman who has breast cancer. False negatives usually occur because the tumors are small and hard to detect. It is estimated that among women with breast cancer, 2% of all…arrow_forwardMammography and clinical breast examination are the two major techniques used to screen for breast cancer. However, as true for any screening test, they are not completely accurate. If it is determined, based on mammographic findings, that there is a possibility of breast cancer, this is usually confirmed or disconfirmed by a subsequent biopsy. A false positive test is a mammogram positive test that is disconfirmed by biopsy. The data in Table 1 were reported in a paper concerning breast cancer screening (Elmore, et al, New England Journal of Medicine 1998; 338(16): 1089-1096). Table 1 False positive breast cancer screening tests over a 10-year period # Screening tests # False positive tests 9762 631 1. Suppose that 5% of all mammograms are obtained from women who truly have breast cancer. What is the proportion of mammograms that will yield test positive results? Hint: Subdivide the probability of a test positive mammogram into two mutually exclusive components of {test positive…arrow_forwardMammography and clinical breast examination are the two major techniques used to screen for breast cancer. However, as true for any screening test, they are not completely accurate. If it is determined, based on mammographic findings, that there is a possibility of breast cancer, this is usually confirmed or disconfirmed by a subsequent biopsy. A false positive test is a mammogram positive test that is disconfirmed by biopsy. The data in Table 1 were reported in a paper concerning breast cancer screening (Elmore, et al, New England Journal of Medicine 1998; 338(16): 1089-1096). Table 1 False positive breast cancer screening tests over a 10-year period # Screening tests # False positive tests 9762 631 1. Suppose 10 women are given mammograms. What is the probability that at least 1 woman will have a false positive test?arrow_forward
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